CHAPTER 3:

MATTER (JIRIM)
 CONCEPT MAP
Matter has
mass and
occupies space

Three states The concept

Matter of density
of matter

Using the
properties
of matter
Quick Questions.

Define matter.
Matter is anything that has mass and occupy space.
Why is water considered matter?
Water is considered matter because it has mass and
can occupy the space of its container.
Determine whether vacuum is considered matter or
not and define your reason.
Vacuum is not a matter because it has no mass.
Matter has mass and
occupies space.

What is matter?

Anything that has mass and

occupies space
is called matter.

Therefore, all living and non-living things are matter.

The three states of matter

State of
matter

Solids Liquids Gases

What is matter made of?
PARTICLES
Particles are so small that they cannot be
seen even by using a microscope.
Particles are the basic unit of matter.

MATTER IS MADE UP OF PARTICLES

THE ARRANGEMENT OF
PARTICLES IN MATTER..
 Comparison between solids, liquids and gases
Characteristic Solid Liquid Gas
Examples Glass, wood Water, alcohol Nitrogen,
oxygen
Shape Has a definite Follow the Follow the
shape containers containers
shape shape
Volume Fixed volume Fixed volume Fills up the
container
Mass Fixed mass Fixed mass Fixed mass
Compressibility Cannot Cannot Can
Fluidity Cannot flow Flow Flow
The use of the properties of matter in
everyday life
Find the meaning of each:
Generate =
High pressure =
Store =
Hot air balloon =
Overall density =
Raft =
Ship =
Submarine =
The use of the properties of matter in
everyday life
The uses of knowledge of different states of
matter.
Some uses of the knowledge of different
states of matter
1. Cooking gas tank (gases in liquid state)
2. Oxygen tank (gases in liquid state)
3. Cooling of water using ice (water in solid state)
4. Generation of electricity using steam (water in
gaseous state)
Why do we store oxygen gas in liquid
form?

Answer:
Particles are arranged closely in a liquid.
Particles are far apart in gaseous state.
Thus, liquid occupies only a little space.
Therefore, oxygen usually stored in liquid
form. It saves a lot of space
The uses of the concept of density
Man applies the concept of density for their
benefits.
Examples:
1. Logs are transported by river from the
jungle to the sawmills.
2. Floats are used by people to learn how to
swims.
3. Fisherman use plastic floats to prevent
their nets from sinking.
4. Tree trunk less dense than water= raft
5. Hot air balloon
Float when the air in the balloon is heated
by a burner.
Turn of the burner to lower the balloon (the
air inside balloon cool down)
6. Ship (made by iron)
Density of iron is 7.9 g/cm3
Density of water is 1.0 g/cm3
Why does the ship not sink?
Anwer: ship contains a large volume of air. The overall
density of the ship is less than the density of sea water.
7. Submarine (has ballast tank)
when the water is pumped into the ballast tank, the
submarine sink
When the water in the ballast tank is pumped out, the
submarine rise.