The Changing Face of Precision

Flow Measurement
 Flowmeter Selection Process
Tendency to stay with whats worked in past
Gathering information often difficult
Not an Exact Science
Usually more than one answer
Potential LARGE gains
Reduced CAPEX
Reduced OPEX
 Flow Technology Selection Process
Application/Purpose of Measurement
Actions: Review purpose of measurement, key
performance criteria, environmental
considerations, approvals Purpose of Measurement

Performance
Actions: Complete Spec Sheet, Size Flowmeters
for application, complete Installed Performance Installed vs Reference Performance
analysis

Cost/Economics
Actions: Consider schedule, price, cost to Install,
operating costs (Reliability, Maintenance, Energy, etc.)
Price/Installed Cost/Life-Cycle Cost

Select Flowmeter
 $3.7 Billion
Precision Flow Market Market
Average CAGR: 6.3%

dP
FY07 Precision Flow Market $Millions

Coriolis
Mag

Turbine Ultrasonic

Thermal Mass
PD
Vortex

Technology CAGRs (07-12)

 Why Coriolis Direct Mass
Measurement
Coriolis meters have been the fastest growing flow measurement
technologies over the past decade.
Growth has been driven by a unique ability to measure mass directly

Better control of Chemical reactions (based on molecular ratios)

Better Mass balance
Reduced Process Variability especially in compressible fluids (Gas)

40.9 gal. 42.0 gal.

The same amount of fluid (342 lb)

looks like 2.7% difference with
volumetric measurement (42.0
vs. 40.9 gallons)
20 F 60 F
342 lbs. 342 lbs.

Slide 5
 Theory of Operation
The Coriolis effect is an inertia force.
In 1835, Gustave-Gaspard de Coriolis showed that this inertia force must be
taken into consideration if the simple Newtons Law of Motion of bodies are
to be used in a rotating frame of reference.

Gasparde de Coriolis

Coriolis Effect: The original path is deflected

westward by the rotation of the planet

Slide 6
Theory of Operation Mass Flow
In a Coriolis meter, the inertial force is provided by vibrating the flow tubes.
The tube twist or angle of deflection from the vibration plane is measured
and converted into a mass flow measurement.
Most implementations use a pair of counter-vibrating tubes to cancel the
effect of external vibrations, but many geometries exist.

Flow
Axis Flow Tubes
Flow

Vibration
Vibration

Twist

Micro Motion Confidential

Slide 7
Page 7
 Theory of Operations Mass Flow

Process fluid enters the sensor and flow is split with half the flow through
each tube. The sensor flow tubes are vibrated in opposition to each other
by energizing a drive coil. Tubes are oscillated at their natural frequency.
Magnet and coil assemblies, called pick-offs, are mounted on the flow
tubes. As each coil moves through the uniform magnetic field of the
adjacent magnet it creates a voltage in the form of a sine wave.

Slide 8
Theory of Operations Mass Flow
During a no flow condition, there is no Coriolis effect and the sine waves
are in phase with each other.
When fluid is moving through the sensor's tubes, Coriolis forces are
induced causing the flow tubes to twist in opposition to each other. The
time difference between the sine waves is measured and is called Delta-T
which is directly proportional to the mass flow rate.

Slide 9
Theory of Operations Mass Flow

We also measure temperature why?

Compensates for the effect of temperature on tube rigidity (% change in

rigidity per 100C).

Three wire platinum RTD measures process temperature

Accurate to +/- 1.0 oC
Available as additional process variable

RTD

Micro Motion Confidential

Slide 10
Page 10
 Theory of Operation - Density
Density measurement is based on the natural frequency of the system
including the flow tubes and the process fluid.
As the mass increases, the natural frequency of the system decreases.
As the mass decreases, the natural frequency of the system increases.

Slide 11
 Theory of Operation - Density
The density of the process fluid can be derived from the frequency of
oscillation of the sensor. This frequency signal is taken from one or both
pickoff coils.
The volume of the fluid contained in the flow tubes remains constant, so
the only way mass can change is if density also changes. Because of this
relationship between mass and density, the natural frequency of the flow
tubes indicates not only the mass of the fluid contained, but also the
density.

Slide 12
 Theory of Operation - Density
Density calibration is performed at the factory on air and water.
Tube period of air (K1) 10484
Tube period of water (K2) 10966
Density of air (D1) 0.0010 Tube Period = 10817
Density of water (D2) 0.9982 Density = 0.6871 g/cm3
Temperature coefficient 4.39
The transmitter automatically performs
a calculation based upon the data points
stored in its memory during calibration.

Field calibrations can also be performed

using air, water, or alternate fluids
depending on the density span desired.

Slide 13
 Why Coriolis Summary
Multivariable Measurements
Mass Flow, Volume Flow, Density, Temperature, % Solids, Concentration
Measures liquids, Gases, and Slurries
Insensitive to fluid properties
Pressure, Temperature, Density, or Viscosity
Calibration on water transfers to all other fluids including gases
Easy to Install and Maintain
Measures independent of flow profile, no Straight run required
No Moving Parts
Bi-directional
High Accuracy
+/- 0.05% of rate Liquid Mass Flow
+/- 0.10% of rate Liquid Volume Flow
+/- 0.35% of rate Gas Flow
+/- 0.0002 g/cc Liquid Density
High turndown, >100:1 possible
Batch accuracies to 0.10%

Slide 14
 In-Situ Meter Verification
Calibration
Micro Motion Super Service Centers only reliable facility for calibrating
(or re-calibrating) meters!
Typically, customers will request factory cal for master meters or cal
carts
Validation
Primary flow standards such as provers, flow labs, and master meters
Required for regulatory, agency, or contractual agreements (AGA, API,
OLNL, Country Specific Custody Transfer requirements )
Verification
Most customers need to verify not validate or calibrate
Secondary comparison such as cal carts, catch & weigh, etc.
Driven by Standard Operating Procedures and Quality Assurance
Troubleshooting
 Easily Verify Meter Performance and Health

Can I tell if my Coriolis meter has changed?

Can I detect when the meter is being coated?
How often do I need to recalibrate my meter?
Characteristics that alter meter performance

Erosion Cracking Pitting Coating

We calibrate manually by taking meters out of the

process, and it is a pain. It is an all-day deal and we pay
$2k to 3k per meter per year for this. --- Oil & Gas
Customer
Using Verification in the Field
Meter Verification Process

Okay

Not Okay

Trigger limits are tunable

Damage

Factory
Begins

Erosion
Calibration

Cracking

Customer advised

Pitting
Not Okay due to
measurement change

Coating
Sample of Verification Report
 Micro Motion
Coriolis Flow and Density Leaders
Unparalleled Value
31 years of flow and density measurement experience
Over 600,000 installations
1700 dedicated flow and density specialists
Product Breadth
Widest range of flow and density measurement solutions
Technology Leadership
Continuous innovation driven by customer needs
Committed to providing the highest performing measurement
devices available
Questions ???

Slide 20