Slides For Chapter 9 Web Services: Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design

Slides for Chapter 9
Web Services
From Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair

Distributed Systems:
Concepts and Design
Edition 5, Addison-Wesley 2012
Figure 9.1
Web services infrastructure and components
Applications
Directory service Security Choreography
Web Services Service descriptions (in WSDL)
SOAP
URIs (URLs or URNs) XML HTTP, SMTP or other transport
InstructorsGuideforCoulouris,Dollimore,KindbergandBlair,DistributedSystems:ConceptsandDesignEdn.5
PearsonEducation2012
Figure 9.2
The travel agent service combines other web services
flight bookinga
flight booking
b
Travel Agent
Client
Service hire car bookinga
hire car bookingb

hotel bookinga hotel bookingb
Figure 9.3
SOAP message in an envelope
envelope
header
header element header element
body
body element body element
Figure 9.4
Example of a simple request without headers
env:envelope xmlns:env =namespace URI for SOAP envelopes

env:body
m:exchange
xmlns:m = namespace URI of the service description
m:arg1 m:arg2
Hello World
In this figure and the next, each XML element is represented by a shaded
box with its name in italic followed by any attributes and its content
Figure 9.5
Example of a reply corresponding to the request in Figure 9.4
env:envelope xmlns:env = namespace URI for SOAP envelope

env:body
m:exchangeResponse
xmlns:m = namespace URI for the service description
m:res1 m:res2
World Hello
Figure 9.6
Use of HTTP POST Request in SOAP client-server communication
POST/examples/stringer endpoint address
header
Host:www.cdk4.net
HTTP
ContentType:application/soap+xml
Action:http://www.cdk4.net/examples/stringer#exchange action
<env:envelopexmlns:env= namespaceURIforSOAPenvelope
<env:header></env:header>
message
<env:body></env:body>
Soap
</env:Envelope>
Figure 9.7
Java web service interface ShapeList
importjava.rmi.*;
publicinterfaceShapeListextendsRemote{
intnewShape(GraphicalObjectg)throwsRemoteException;1
intnumberOfShapes()throwsRemoteException;
intgetVersion()throwsRemoteException;
intgetGOVersion(inti)throwsRemoteException;
GraphicalObjectgetAllState(inti)throwsRemoteException;
}
Figure 9.8
Java implementation of the ShapeList server
importjava.util.Vector;
publicclassShapeListImplimplementsShapeList{
privateVectortheList=newVector();
privateintversion=0;
privateVectortheVersions=newVector();
publicintnewShape(GraphicalObjectg)throwsRemoteException{
version++;
theList.addElement(g);
theVersions.addElement(newInteger(version));
returntheList.size();
}
publicintnumberOfShapes(){}
publicintgetVersion(){}
publicintgetGOVersion(inti){}
publicGraphicalObjectgetAllState(inti){}
}
Figure 9.9
Java implementation of the ShapeList client
packagestaticstub;
importjavax.xml.rpc.Stub;
publicclassShapeListClient{
publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){/*passURLofservice*/
try{
Stubproxy=createProxy();1
proxy._setProperty2
(javax.xml.rpc.Stub.ENDPOINT_ADDRESS_PROPERTY,args[0]);
ShapeListaShapeList=(ShapeList)proxy;3
GraphicalObjectg=aShapeList.getAllState(0);4
}catch(Exceptionex){ex.printStackTrace();}
}
privatestaticStubcreateProxy(){5
return
(Stub)(newMyShapeListService_Impl().getShapeListPort());6
}
}
Figure 9.10
The main elements in a WSDL description
definitions
types message interface bindings services
target namespace document style request-reply style how where

abstract concrete
Figure 9.11
WSDL request and reply messages for the newShape operation
message name = "ShapeList_newShape" message name = "ShapeList_newShapeResponse"
part name ="GraphicalObject_1" part name= "result"

type = "ns:GraphicalObject " type = "xsd:int"
tns target namespace xsd XML schema definitions
Figure 9.12
Message exchange patterns for WSDL operations
Name Messagessentby
Client Server Delivery Faultmessage

Request Reply mayreplaceReply
InOut
Request nofaultmessage
InOnly
RobustInOnly Request guaranteed maybesent
OutIn Reply Request mayreplace Reply
OutOnly Request nofaultmessage

RobustOutOnly Request guaranteed maysendfault
Figure 9.13
WSDL operation newShape
operation name = "newShape"

pattern = In-Out
input message = tns:ShapeList_newShape
output message = "tns:ShapeList_newShapeResponse"
tns target namespace xsd XML schema definitions

The names operation, pattern, input and output are defined in the XML schema for WSDL
Figure 9.14
SOAP binding and service definitions
binding service
name = ShapeListBinding name = "MyShapeListService"
type = tns:ShapeList
soap:binding transport = URI endpoint
for schemas for soap/http
style= "rpc" name = "ShapeListPort"
binding = "tns:ShapeListBinding"
operation
name= "newShape"
input soap:address
soap:body location = service URI
encoding, namespace
output
soap:body
encoding, namespace
soap:operation the service URI is:

soapAction http://localhost:8080/ShapeList-jaxrpc/ShapeList
Figure 9.15
The main UDDI data structures
businessEntity businessServices
human readable businessServices
information
businessServices bindingTemplate
about the publisher
human readable
bindingTemplate
information URL
about a bindingTemplate tModel
family of services information tModel
about the
URL
serviceinterfaces
service interfaces
tModel
key URL
key service descriptions
key
Figure 9.16
Algorithms required for XML signature
Typeofalgorithm Nameofalgorithm Required reference
Messagedigest SHA1 Required Section7.4.3
Encoding base64 Required [FreedandBorenstein1996]
Signature DSAwithSHA1 Required [NIST1994]
(asymmetric) RSAwithSHA1 Recommended Section7.3.2
MACsignature HMACSHA1 Required Section7.4.2andKrawczyk

(symmetric) etal. [1997]
Canonicalization CanonicalXML Required Page810
Figure 9.17
Algorithms required for encryption(in Figure 9.16 are also required)
Typeofalgorithm Nameofalgorithm Required reference
Blockcipher TRIPLEDES, required Section7.3.1

AES128
AES256
AES192 optional
Encoding base64 required [FreedandBorenstein1996]
Keytransport RSAv1.5, required Section7.3.2

RSAOAEP [KaliskiandStaddon1998]
Symmetrickey TRIPLEDES required [Housley2002]

wrap(signature KeyWrap,
bysharedkey) AES128KeyWrap,
AES256KeyWrap
AES192KeyWrap optional
Keyagreement DiffieHellman optional [Rescorla,1999]
Figure 9.18
Travel agent scenario
1.Theclientasksthetravelagentserviceforinformationaboutasetofservices;forexample,flights,car
hireandhotelbookings.
2.Thetravelagentservicecollectspricesandavailabilityinformationandsendsittotheclient,which
choosesoneofthefollowingonbehalfoftheuser:
(a)refinethequery,possiblyinvolvingmoreproviderstogetmoreinformation,thenrepeatstep2;
(b)makereservations;
(c)quit.
3.Theclientrequestsareservationandthetravelagentservicechecksavailability.
4.Eitherallareavailable;
orforservicesthatarenotavailable;
eitheralternativesareofferedtotheclientwhogoesbacktostep3;
ortheclientgoesbacktostep1.
5.Takedeposit.
6.Givetheclientareservationnumberasaconfirmation.
7.Duringtheperioduntilthefinalpayment,theclientmaymodifyorcancelreservations
Figure 9.19
A selection of Amazon Web Services

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Slides for Chapter 9

From Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair

Web Services Service descriptions (in WSDL)

URIs (URLs or URNs) XML HTTP, SMTP or other transport

hire car bookingb

header element header element

env:envelope xmlns:env =namespace URI for SOAP envelopes

env:envelope xmlns:env = namespace URI for SOAP envelope

POST/examples/stringer endpoint address

target namespace document style request-reply style how where

message name = "ShapeList_newShape" message name = "ShapeList_newShapeResponse"

part name ="GraphicalObject_1" part name= "result"

tns target namespace xsd XML schema definitions

Client Server Delivery Faultmessage

OutIn Reply Request mayreplace Reply

OutOnly Request nofaultmessage

operation name = "newShape"

output message = "tns:ShapeList_newShapeResponse"

tns target namespace xsd XML schema definitions

soap:operation the service URI is:

Typeofalgorithm Nameofalgorithm Required reference

Messagedigest SHA1 Required Section7.4.3

Encoding base64 Required [FreedandBorenstein1996]

Signature DSAwithSHA1 Required [NIST1994]

(asymmetric) RSAwithSHA1 Recommended Section7.3.2

MACsignature HMACSHA1 Required Section7.4.2andKrawczyk

Canonicalization CanonicalXML Required Page810

Typeofalgorithm Nameofalgorithm Required reference

Blockcipher TRIPLEDES, required Section7.3.1

Encoding base64 required [FreedandBorenstein1996]

Keytransport RSAv1.5, required Section7.3.2

Symmetrickey TRIPLEDES required [Housley2002]

Keyagreement DiffieHellman optional [Rescorla,1999]

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