PRODUCTION DRAWINGS

M.SACHIDHANANDAM
ASST PROF
DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGG
SRM UNIVERSITY
 production drawing
A production drawing, also known as working drawing, supplies information and
instructions for the manufacture or construction of machines or structures.
A production drawing should provide all the dimensions, limits, special finishing
processes, surface quality, etc.
The particulars of material, the number of components required for the assembly,
etc., are given in the title block.
The production drawing of a component should also indicate the sub-assembly or
main assembly where it will be assembled.
Since the working drawings may be sent to other companies to make or assemble
the unit, the drawings should confirm with the standards followed in the country.
For this reason, a production drawing becomes a legal document between the
parties, in case of disputes in manufacturing.
Working drawings may be classified into two groups :
(i) detail or part drawings and
(ii)assembly drawings
TYPES OF PRODUCTION DRAWINGS
A detail or part drawing is nothing but a production or component drawing, furnishing complete information for the construction or
manufacture of the part.
This information may be classified as:
1. Shape description
This refers to the selection of number of views to describe the shape of the part. The part may be drawn in either pictorial or
orthographic projection; the latter being used more frequently. Sectional views, auxiliary views and enlarged detailed views
may be added to the drawing in order to provide a clear image of the part.
2. Size description
Size and location of the shape features are shown by proper dimensioning. The manufacturing process will influence the selection
n of some dimensions, such as datum feature, tolerances, etc.
3. Specifications
This includes special notes, material, heat treatment, finish, general tolerances and number required. All this information is mostly
located near the title block.
4. Additional information
Information such as drawing number, scale, method of projection, date, names of the parts, the draughter's name, etc., come under
additional information which is included in the title block. Since the craftsman will ordinarily make one component at a time,
it is advisable to prepare the production drawing of each component, regardless of its size, on a separate sheet. Figures
20.1and 20.2 show the detailed drawings of a template jig and gear.
 WORKING ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS

It is usually made for simple machines or jobs,

consisting of a relatively smaller number of simple
parts.
All the dimensions and information necessary for the
manufacture of a part and for the assembly of the
parts are given directly on the assembly drawing.
Separate views of specific parts, in enlargement,
showing the mating of parts, may also be drawn, in
addition to the regular assembly drawings.
Figures 20.3 and 20.4 show the detailed assembly of a
tea-poy and crank assembly respectively.
 DETAILED DRAWINGS AND
MANUFACTURING METHODS
The type of manufacturing process influences the selection
of material and detailed features of a part (Fig. 20.5).
As shown in Fig. 20.5a, if the component has to be cast,
then rounds and fillets are to be added to the part.
Additional material will also be provided where surface
requires finishing.
Several drawings may be made for the same part, each one
giving only the information necessary for a particular stage
in the manufacture of the part.
A component which is to be produced by forging, for
example, may have one drawing showing the forged part
(Fig. 20.5b) with no machining details and a separate
drawing for the machining of the forging (Fig. 20.6).
EXAMPLE
PETROL ENGINE CONNECTING ROD
Connecting rod assembly of a petrol engine, the big
end of which is split into two halves is shown and
described in Chapter 19 (Fig. 19.1).
The component drawings of the above assembly are
shown in Fig. 20.7, with details of tolerances, surface
finish, etc., as required for production work.
The rod and cap are made of forged steel and
machined to close tolerances at both the big end as
well as the small end as shown.
The bearing brasses are made of gun-metal, because it
has good resistance to corrosion.
 Oil groove is provided at the centre of the bearing.
The bearing bush is made of phosphor bronze, to
provide low coefficient of friction.
Oil groove is provided in the bush for lubrication
between the pin and bearing.
The bore of the bush is given a tolerance to have a
close sliding fit with the gudgeon pin.
The external diameter is provided with positive
tolerance on both the limits to ensure interference fit
with the small end of the rod.
The square headed bolts (5) and castle nuts (6) are
used as standard components.
KNUCKLE JOINT
QUESTION
ANSWER