Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
S.Arul Jayachandran
Asst Director & Head
Steel Structures Laboratory
Structural Engineering Research Centre
CSIR Campus, Chennai- 113
e-mail: arulsteel@yahoo.com
arul@sercm.org
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Probabilistic philosophy of design
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DESIGN METHODS FOR STEEL STRUCTURES
Philosophies in Design
Allowable Stress Design
Actual Stress Allowable Stress =Yield Stress/FoS
Deterministic
Assumes a constant level of safety
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Basis of Reliability
Uncertainties in service life are due to:
Variability of the loads
Variability of strength
Variability of the load distribution through the
structure
Characteristic load:
Value of the load, which has an accepted probability of
not being exceeded (0.95) during the life span of the
structure
Characteristic resistance:
Value of resistance below which not more than a
prescribed percentage (5%) of test results may be
expected to fall
BASIS OF RELIABILITY
Rm
Characteristic strength
Qm
Characteristic load
Load Q
Strength R
Frequency
Hospital Shed
Basis of Limit States Design
(R-Q)
(R-Q)
(R-Q) Rm Qm
f(R-Q)
R2 Q2
R-Q>0
R-Q
R-Q<0
Rm Qm
R2 Q2
1.2
DL+ER 1.2
(0.9)
DL+LL+AL 1.0 0.35 0.35 1.0
*
This value is to be considered when stability against overturning or stress reversal is
critical
Abbreviations: DL= Dead Load, LL= Imposed Load (Live Loads), WL= Wind Load,
SL= Snow Load, CL= Crane Load (Vertical/horizontal), AL=Accidental Load,
ER= Erection Load, EL= Earthquake Load.
Note: The effects of actions (loads) in terms of stresses or stress resultants may be
obtained from an appropriate method of analysis as in Section 4
Variability in judgment
5.6.1 Deflection Table 5.3 gives recommended limits of deflections for certain
structural member systems.
LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Limit States
Limit State of Collapse
Ultimate Strength
Buckling Strength
Fatigue Strength
Limit State of Serviceability
Deflection
Vibration
Corrosion
Repairable fatigue
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LIMIT STATES DESIGN
Factored Design strength, (R) Factored load effects (Q)
R n
i Qi
m i 1
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Summary of Limit State Design
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Thank you
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