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Good are scare and that society must use its resource
efficiently.
1. Scarcity
2. Efficiency
What to produce
How to produce?
Whom to produce?
The rich people think about, who have money and are
willing to purchase them. Here there in no hesitation to
purchase.
The rich have several cars, mansions and elegant
clothes and jewelleries.
Their children are studying foreign university.
They can buy all goods and services that money can
buy
PPF SCHEDULE
Possibilities Butter Guns
A 0 15
B 1 14
C 2 12
D 3 9
E 4 5
F 5 0
15 .A
.B
12
.C
.D .I
Guns 9
.M
6
.E
3
0 .F
1 2 3 4 5
Butter
Dr. Mohamed Riyazh Khan, SNS college of Engg
A schedule of possibilities is given in table combination
F shows the extreme, where A depicts the opposite
extreme, where all resource go into guns. In between at
E,D,C and B increasing amounts of butter are given up
in return for more guns.
Luxury .B
Good
.A
.A
Necessary goods
Origin Study on: Individual and Small Group. Study on: Aggregate, output
Particular Household and national output.
Driving Force Price mechanism which operates with the National Income, output &
help of demand & supply forces. employment determined
aggregate demand &supply.
Time element Equilibrium conditions is analysed at a Its based on time lags, rates of
particular period. Its considered as a change.
static analysis.
What is Market?
it a mechanism through which buyers and sellers
interact to determine prices and exchange good &
service.
Market Equilibrium:
A market equilibrium represents a balance among all
the different buyers and sellers. Depending upon the
price, household and firms all want to buy or sell
different quantities.
Dr. Mohamed Riyazh Khan, SNS college of Engg
Government and market in a country in many ways
are interrelated and interdependent on each other.
Role of Market:
1. Transaction of product. Service and money
2. Provide place for market
3. Generate of Employment
4. Supply versus Demand Adjustment
Q Q1 Quantity
Dr. Mohamed Riyazh Khan, SNS college of Engg
Negative Externalities
D
External Costs In other words , a freely operating
B market would lead to lower price and
P1 higher output of goods which have
A harmful environment and social
P consequences.
Q1 Q Quantity
Dr. Mohamed Riyazh Khan, SNS college of Engg
Dr. Mohamed Riyazh Khan, SNS college of Engg