LIAN BENG CONSTRUCTION (1988)

Renewable
P/L
REC
Energy
Corporation
GROUP
PROJECT: 63 KV ESS@DIC
Silicon
Materials

GENERAL CHMICAL SAFETY AWARENESS

TRAINING
Wafers

Cells Modules Systems

 General Chemical Awareness
What is a Chemical?
Chemical Toxicity
Routes of Entry
Effects
Chemical Hazard Classification
Chemical Hazard Communication
Control of Hazards
Chemical Storage
First Aid
Some Rules of Chemical use
Emergency Response
WHAT IS A CHEMICAL?

All materials and substances contain chemical elements

All substances are poisons; there is none which is

not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison
from a remedy
WHAT IS A CHEMICAL?

A chemical is considered hazardous if it exhibits any of the

following characteristics beyond pre-defined levels:-

Toxic
Reactive
Ignitivity /Flammability
Corrosive

Examples: Acids, adhesive, caustics, cleaning compounds,

hydraulic fluids, solvent, lubricants, paints. Etc.
CHEMICAL TOXICITY
TOXIC EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS ARE DEPENDENT ON

Physical condition

Dosage

Gender

Environmental Factors

Physical Fitness

Age

Presence of Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Sensitivity/ allergy to the chemicals

ROUTES OF ENTRY

MAJOR ROUTES OF ENTRY:

Ingestion (Orally)

Inhalation (Absorbed by lungs)

Absorption (Dermal, absorbed by skin)

ROUTES OF ENTRY

INGESTION
Through Gastro intestinal
tract absorbed into the Blood
Stream and transported
throughout the body.
ROUTES OF ENTRY

INHALATION
Absorbed into the blood
stream via lungs.
ROUTES OF ENTRY

ABSORPTION
Crossing the skin barrier
(lipophilic chemicals)- e.g.
solvents.
EFFECTS

ACUTE (immediate affects

after exposure) - e.g. acid
burns.
CHRONIC (after repeated
exposure over a period of
time) - e.g. lead poisoning.
CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Class 1: Explosives
Class 2: Gases
Class 3: Flammable liquids
Class 4: Flammable solids
Class 5: Oxidizers
Class 6: Biohazards
Class 7: Radioactive
Class 8: Corrosives
Class 9: Miscellaneous
CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

TOXIC
If inhaled, ingested or if absorbed by the
skin, it may cause extremely serious acute
or chronic health risks or even death.
T
HARMFUL
TOXIC
If inhaled or ingested or if penetrates skin

X
may involve limited health risks.

Xn
HARMFUL
CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

CORROSIVE
In contact with living
tissues it destroys them.
Example: Sulphuric acid.
C
IRRITANT CORROSIVE
Immediate or prolonged

X
contact with the skin or
mucous membrane (e.g.
eyes, nose, respiratory
tract) can result in
inflammation. Xi
IRRITANT
CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

EXPLOSIVE
Substance that in itself can react to produce
a gas at relatively high temperature and
pressure which can cause extensive damage
to the surrounding area. E
EXPLOSIVE
Example: Dynamite, TNT, etc.

OXIDIZER
Undergoes high exothermic reactions in
contact with other substances especially
flammables.
Example: Hydrogen peroxides, O
OXIDISING
CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

FLAMMABLES
Will ignite spontaneously, or when
exposed to a high temperature, spark
or open flame .
F+ or F
they are sub-divided into 3 categories:-
FLAMMABLE
Flammable
Highly flammable
Extremely flammable
Examples:-

Magnesium (solid),
Toluene, Diesel (liquid),
Acetylene, silane (gaseous)
CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION

Labels/ Warning signs

Material Safety Data Sheets

(MSDS)
Leaflets

Textbooks

CD-ROM

Intranet
CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

Diamond Label
4 = Can be lethal 4 = Will vapourise and
Labels/ Warning signs
3 = Can cause serious or permanent
injury
readily burn at normal
2 = Can cause temporary temp.
incapacitation or residual 3 = Can be ignited
Material Safety Date Flammability
injury Sheet (MSDS)
1 = Can cause significant under almost all
irritation ambient temp.
0 = No hazard
Leaflets Hazard 2 = Must be heated or
high ambient temp to
burn
1 = Must be pre-
Textbooks (SAX) Health Instability heated before ignition
ALK = Alkaline Hazard Hazard can occur
4
0== May explode
Will not burn at
CD-ROM
ACD = Acidic
COR = Corrosive
norm temp & pressure
3 = May explode at
OX = Oxidising
Intranet
Special high temp or shock
2 = Violent chemical
= Radioactive
W = Reacts violently or explosively Hazard change at high temp or
with water pressure
WOX= Reacts violently or 1 = Normally stable.
explosively with water and oxidizing High temp make
unstable
0 = Stable
CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION

LABELS
Commercial Chemicals
Identity of chemical
Name & address of manufacturer
Target organ
MUST contain hazard symbol
Native Language
Safety/ Risks phrases
All the containers must be labelled

Labelling requirement as per Singapore Standards 286: Code

of Practice for Caution Labelling of Hazardous Substance
CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS

Detailed information includes the following:-

Identification of substance and of the company Physical and chemical properties

Composition/information on Ingredients Stability and reactivity
Hazards identification Toxicological information
First aid measures Ecological information
Fire fighting measures Disposal considerations
Accidental release measures Transport information
Handling and storage Other information
Exposure controls/personal protection
Supplier MUST supply MSDS

You have the right to receive information regarding the hazards

of the chemicals
CONTROL OF HAZARDS

ELIMINATION/SUBSTITUTION

ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Enclosement/ isolations
Ventilation (Fume hood & general)
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

COMPETENT & TRAINED STAFF

ADMINISTRATIVE
Restricted handling (PERMIT-TO-USE)
Personnel Rotation
Ensure that the exposure threshold is not exceeded
CHEMICAL STORAGE

Store by hazard class NOT

by alphabetical order.
NEVER mix incompatible
materials
(Compatible matrix in
SOP).
Handle incompatible
materials in separate
compartments.
FIRST AID

INGESTION
Check MSDS/label
instructions.
Consult MSDS/labels and
seek for medical help if
indicated.
FIRST AID

INHALATION
Remove casualty to fresh air

Check MSDS and seek

medical assistance.
FIRST AID

SKIN CONTACT
Wash with copious amount of
water for 20 minutes.
Remove contaminated
clothing.
Consult MSDS/labels and
seek medical help
FIRST AID

EYE CONTACT
Flush with eye wash

Hold affected eye open

ensuring water does not
contaminate the other eye.
Irrigate for 20 MINUTES.
RULES OF CHEMICAL USE

Use the safest chemical possible.

Read the MSDS/label before using the chemical.

Follow the safe work procedures and take any special precautions.

Avoid inhalation of chemical vapours/mists.

Prevent eye contact wear safety goggles.

Prevent skin contact wear safety gloves.

Use appropriate safe and fitted respirator.

Do not eat, drink or smoke where hazardous chemicals are stored/used.

After contact with chemicals, wash hand thoroughly.

Dispose of chemicals safety (SOP & MSDS).

Store chemicals in labelled containers and according to the hazard class.

Only store hazardous chemicals in designated areas for hazardous material

storage.
Seal and protect containers against physical damage.
Chemical Spill Response

1. Raise alarm
2. Remove / Isolate ignition source
3. Inform supervisor
4. Evacuate area
5. Bund up spilled area to prevent from spread
6. Activate spill control team
7. Mobilize spill control clean up equipment
8. Clean up spill
9. Stand by to assist spill control team
10. Dispose contaminated material and chemical
11. Notify authority if necessary
 First Responder Flow
Chart
Discovery of Chemical Spillage

Give Detail on
Call For Help 1. Your name & company.
2. Location of the spillage.
Contact No. 3. Size of the spillage.
(Day) 4. Any injury.
1.G.K.Babu 9183 4982
2.Saravanan 8666 0430

No
Is it a major Evacuate from
leak? affected area

Yes

Proceed to
Assembly Area
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.

ANY QUESTIONS?