THE

SPINAL
CORD
NEUROBEHAVIOUR 2012

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IDENTIFY THE TRACT OF SPINAL CORD

2
 Sacral region

Cauda Equina
STRUCTURE of
Spinal Cord
Length 45 cm, diameter
1-1.5 cm
Rostrally MO
Caudally conus
medullaris VL1-2
Begin at for magnum
end as fillum terminale
Two enlargement:
cervical and
lumbosacral
Has 5 levels 31 pair
of spinal nerves

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 8 cervical
STRUCTURE
12 thoracal
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1-2 cocygeal

For magnum
L2

5
Motoric and Sensoric pathway

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Duramater, Arachnoid, Piamater

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Duramater, Arachnoid, Piamater

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Lumbar puncture

L2

L5
L4

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 Ceoss sectional of SC
Gray matter White matter
ventral, dorsal and lateral dorsal, lateral, and ventral column
horn dorsal and ventral median sulci
dorsolateral and ventrolateral sulci
HNP

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VERTEBRAL ARTERIES
Anterior spinal arteries
Fuse to form a
single artery in front
of anterior median
fissure
Posterior spinal artery
Descent along the
line of dorsal nerve
root

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 Spinal cord
tracts
ASCENDENS
(sensory)

DESCENDENS
(motor)

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TRACTUS OF SPINAL CORD

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TRACTUS ASCENDENS / SENSORIC
1. Tract
Spinothalamicus
Anterior pain
and temperature
Lateral light
touch and pressure

2. Funniculus dorsalis
Fasc gracilis
Propioceptive
lower limb
Fasc cuneatus
Propioceptive
upper limb
 Sensory receptors
Exteroceptor free nerve ending
Skin: Pain, touch, heat and cold

Propioceptor meissner & pacinian corpuscle

muscle, tendon and joint: Discriminative touch, movement

Special sense
Sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch

Visceral sensory afferent

Visceral organ, glands and tissue: pain, reflex regulation
(mixurition, erection etc)

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Spinothalamic Tract
pain, temp, light touch
Face, Upper limb, Lower limb
Cross at spinal level
ASTT and LSTT

Brainstem
Spinal lemniscus

Thalamus
Post Lat Nucleus

Somatic sensory cortex

Post central gyrus
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Funiculus dorsalis
(touch, vibration, position,
movement)
Funiculus gracilis (sacral,
Lumbar, lower thorax)
Funiculus cuneatus (Upper limb,
Thorax & Cervical)
Sensory decussation (MO), 1st
Medial lemniscus (Pons-Midbr)
Thalamus, 2nd
Somatic sensory (Post central
gyrus), 3rd
Descending Motoric pathway
1. Tractus corticospinal
Anterior and Lateral
2. Tractus reticulospinal:
Reflex and Voluntary
movement
3. Tractus tectospinal: Reflex
and visual
4. Tractus vestibulospinal :
extensor muscle
5. Tractus rubrospinal: flexor
muscle
6. Tractus olivospinal: motor
neuron
7. Descending autonomic
fibers: control sympathetic
& parasympathetic; and
hypothalamus
Tractus corticospinal
(lateral and anterior)
Cortex cerebri: area 4,6
Capsula interna
Pedunculus cerebri (midbrain)
Basilar Pons
Decussatio pyramidalis (MO)
Spinal cord (ventral horn)
Ventral root
Motor endplate
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spinal cord lesion
Peripheral Nerves

1. Cranial nerves
2. Spinal nerves
Motoric
Sensoric
NEUROBEHAVIOUR 2011
Autonom
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12 CRANIAL NERVES

23
 Spinal nerve

SEGMEN OF SPINAL CORD 5/31/2017 Wahyuni Atmodjo 24

Spinal nerve : Ventral ramus dan Dorsal ramus
 Sensoric Motoric
General somatic General somatic
afferent (GSA) efferent (GSE)
General visceral General visceral
afferent (GVA) efferent (GVE):
simpatis dan simpatis dan
parasimpatis parasimpatis
Innervation of myotomes

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Dermatome

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 AUTONOMIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM

1. It is activated unconsciously
2. Innervates smooth muscles, cardiac
muscle and glands
3. To regulates blood pressure, heart
rate, respiration, body temperature,
water balance, digestion, glandular
and reproduction
Subdivision of ANS
Sympathetic
Arises from thoracal and lumbar levels of
spinal cord
Parasympathetic (craniosacral)
brain stem
Cranial nerves N III, VII, IX, X
sacral levels of spinal cord
S2-S4 (nervi erigentes)

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Parasympathetic

Cranial division
CN III (cilliary gl), N. VII (pterigopalatine gl),
N. IX (otic gl), N. X (intramural gl of viscera)
Sacral division
Exit through ventral roots
Preganglionic from S2-S4 pelvic splanchnic
nerves (nn. erigentes)
Postganglionic neurons in the wall of bladder,
genitalia, desc colon, rectum
Form a plexus with pelvic sympathetic axons

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Cranio parasymphatetic
N III pupil & cilliary m
N VII lacrimal & nasal glands,
submandibular &
sublingual glands
N. IX parotid gland
N X heart, intestine

Sacral parasymphatetic
S2-S4 bladder, rectum, genital

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Symphatetic thoracolumbal T1 L3

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 Pre dan postganglionik simpatikus

Pre dan postganglionik parasimpatikus

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The action
Sympathetic nervous system
More dominant during action
It is catabolic and energy expending
Prepare us for fight or flight

Parasympathetic nervous system

Dominant during rest
Prepare us to sleep and to digest
It is anabolic and energy conserving

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Oppositional action of sympathetic and
parasympathetic

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List the symptom of spinal cord
lesion
1. small central lesion
2. dorsal column
3. complete hemisection
4. lateral corticospinal
5. lateral spinothalamicus

SEBUTKAN GANGGUAN
MOTORIK DAN SENSORIK
IPSILATERAL ATAU KONTRALATERAL

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