Transformer Rectifier Control Components Features Functions
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products How An ESP Does Its Thing Particle Charging How An ESP Does Its Thing (Cont..) How An ESP Does Its Thing (Cont..) Purpose of a Transformer Rectifier Control System
To provide a source of negative high voltage
direct current to one or more groups of discharge electrodes in an electrostatic precipitator.
To monitor and maximize the high voltage in an
effort to derive the highest collection efficiency and lowest outlet emissions under varying process and precipitator conditions.
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products High Voltage Flow A TR Control Must
Sense changes and disruptions in
the precipitator.
Automatically adjust power.
Protect system components.
Reduce stress on the TR.
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Major System Components Keypad and Display Unit Interface Unit Interface Communications Cable Current Transformer Potential Transformer Secondary Signal Conditioning Resistors
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Major System Components Keypad and Display Unit Interface Unit Display Interface Communications Cable Backlit Liquid Crystal (LCD) Current Transformer Potential Transformer Alphanumeric Four Lines of Text Secondary Signal Conditioning Resistors Twenty Characters per line
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Major System Components Keypad and Display Unit Interface Unit Keypad Interface Communications Cable Sixteen Key Current Transformer Potential Transformer Tactile Feel Hermetically Sealed Secondary Signal Conditioning Resistors Dual Function Parameter Selection Numeric Selection Individually Labeled
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Major System Components Keypad and Display Unit Interface Unit Receives and Stores Programming Interface Communications Cable Instructions from the Keypad & Current Transformer Display Unit Potential Transformer Receives All Analog Feedback Signals Secondary Signal Conditioning Resistors Produces the SCR Firing Signals Contains Manual Control Contains LED Indicators Contains the ID Switches
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Major System Components Keypad and Display Unit Interface Unit Interface Communications Cable Current Transformer Runs Between The Keypad & Potential Transformer Display Unit and the Interface Unit Secondary Signal Conditioning Resistors Can Run Between Many K & D Units and Many Interface Units One-to-One Configuration One-to Many Configuration
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Major System Components Keypad and Display Unit Interface Unit Interface Communications Cable Current Transformer Provides 0 to -5 Volt Signal Potential Transformer Proportional to 0 to Rated Primary Secondary Signal Conditioning Current Resistors Calibrated Once per Individual Control for Specific Current Rating
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Major System Components Keypad and Display Unit Interface Unit Interface Communications Cable Current Transformer Provides 0 to 20 Volt Signal Potential Transformer Proportional to 0 to 600 Volt Rated Secondary Signal Conditioning Primary Voltage Resistors No Calibration Required
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Major System Components Keypad and Display Unit Interface Unit Interface Communications Cable Current Transformer Potential Transformer Secondary Signal Conditioning Resistors Provides 0 to 5 Volt Signal Proportional to 0 to rated Secondary Current Provides Up to Two 0 to 5 Volt Signals Proportional to 0 to rated Secondary Voltage Calibrate Once per TR for Specific MA and KV Rating Precipitator operating and optimizing products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Primary Current Limit Secondary Voltage Limit Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Limits the primary voltage at or Primary Current Limit below the TR rating to prevent Secondary Voltage Limit damage to the TR. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Limits the primary current at or Primary Current Limit below the TR rating to prevent Secondary Voltage Limit damage to the TR. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Limits the secondary voltage at or Primary Current Limit below the TR rating to prevent Secondary Voltage Limit damage to the TR. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Limits the secondary current at or Primary Current Limit below the TR rating to prevent Secondary Voltage Limit damage to the TR. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Limits the peak secondary current Primary Current Limit inrush, when using Intermittent Secondary Voltage Limit Energization, at or below the TR Secondary Current Limit rating to prevent damage to the TR. Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense Precipitator operating and optimizing products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Allows the trip level and time delay Primary Current Limit to be adjusted for a short circuit Secondary Voltage Limit condition. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Allows adjustment to the power Primary Current Limit reduction after each spark Secondary Voltage Limit occurrence. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Allows adjustment to the rate of Primary Current Limit power reapplication after each Secondary Voltage Limit spark occurrence. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Allows the time period where there Primary Current Limit is no power supplied to the Secondary Voltage Limit precipitator, after an arc, to be Secondary Current Limit adjusted. Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Allows the power recovery time Primary Current Limit after an arc, and a quench, to be Secondary Voltage Limit adjusted. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Control Parameters Primary Voltage Limit Automatically rapidly increases Primary Current Limit power after a process upset Secondary Voltage Limit condition. Secondary Current Limit Peak Secondary Current Limit Under Voltage Trip & Timer Phase Back Ramp Rate Quench Pedestal Rate Process Sense
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Control Methods Proportional Spark Control Spark Rate Control Intermittent Energization (IE) IE Background Power IE Optimization Manual
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Methods Proportional Spark Control Spark Rate Control Intermittent Energization (IE) IE Background Power Allows for precise adjustment of IE Optimization power correction for each spark as Manual it occurs
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Methods Proportional Spark Control Spark Rate Control Intermittent Energization (IE) Permits the control to choose the IE Background Power operating parameters based on an IE Optimization entered spark rate. Manual
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Methods Proportional Spark Control Spark Rate Control Intermittent Energization (IE) Permits power to be turned on and IE Background Power off in half cycle increments. IE Optimization Reduces power usage and improves Manual operation with high resistivity particulate.
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Control Methods Proportional Spark Control Spark Rate Control Intermittent Energization (IE) Allows up to 50% of rated power IE Background Powerduring off periods in IE. Helps IE Optimization reduce reintrainment during IE Manual operation.
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Methods Proportional Spark Control Spark Rate Control Intermittent Energization (IE) Monitors the slope of the VI curve IE Background Power for detection of Back Corona IE Optimization conditions. Manual
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Control Methods Proportional Spark Control Spark Rate Control Intermittent Energization (IE) Allows for automatic switching to IE Background Power manual operation if the CPU fails. IE Optimization Manual switching is also provided. Manual Operation
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Special Displays Hold Averaged Pre-spark Electrical Readings Peak Readings SCR Conduction Angle
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Special Displays Hold Freezes the values on the display for easy recording of electrical Averaged levels. Pre-spark Electrical Readings Peak Readings SCR Conduction Angle
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Special Displays Shows six minute rolling average of Hold electrical levels instead of Averaged instantaneous values. Pre-spark Electrical Readings Peak Readings SCR Conduction Angle
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Special Displays Displays electrical levels present Hold just prior to the last spark. Averaged Pre-spark Electrical Readings Peak Readings SCR Conduction Angle
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Special Displays Displays the Min, Max, and Avg Hold secondary voltage, and peak secondary current for plotting VI Averaged curves. Pre-spark Electrical Readings Peak Readings SCR Conduction Angle
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Special Displays Displays the SCR conduction angle Hold eliminating the need for an Oscilloscope. Averaged Pre-spark Electrical Readings Peak Readings SCR Conduction Angle
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products External Alarm Inputs Four Independent Inputs Assignable Alarm Tags Choice of Trip or Alarm
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products External Alarm Inputs Four Independent Inputs Assignable Alarm Tags Choice of Trip or Alarm
Inputs for 4 independent closed
contacts that open to alarm for such things as TR over temperature, Low Oil Level, over pressure, full hopper, etc.
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products External Alarm Inputs Four Independent Inputs Assignable Alarm Tags Choice of Trip or Alarm
Alarm names such as High O2, Full
Hopper, High TR Temp, Master Fuel Trip, and more, can be assigned to each of the alarm inputs.
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products External Alarm Inputs Four Independent Inputs Assignable Alarm Tags Choice of Trip or Alarm
Each of the alarm inputs can be
field programmed to either only alarm, or to alarm and trip.
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Miscellaneous Functions Quench Mode Control Reinitialization Reduced Power Rapping Level SCR Imbalance Trip Soft Start Automatic Transfer to Manual Spark Response in Manual Mode True RMS Display
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Miscellaneous Functions Quench Mode The control can be field programmed to Quench Control Reinitialization for Arcs only or Arcs and Reduced Power Rapping Sparks Level SCR Imbalance Trip Soft Start Automatic Transfer to Manual Spark Response in Manual Mode True RMS Display Precipitator operating and optimizing products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Miscellaneous Functions When used in conjunction with a Quench Mode rapper control the Reduced Power Rapping Level power level can be SCR Imbalance Trip automatically reduced during Soft Start special rapping Automatic Transfer to Manual routines. This helps with the removal of Spark Response in Manual Modevery sticky or high True RMS Display resistivity particulate. Control Reinitialization
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Miscellaneous Functions If an SCR or firing circuit Quench Mode should fail the control will automatically detect Reduced Power Rapping the it and shut down the Level control. This prevents damage to the TR due SCR Imbalance Trip to half wave operation. Soft Start Automatic Transfer to Manual Spark Response in Manual Mode True RMS Display Control Reinitialization Precipitator operating and optimizing products Miscellaneous Functions On energization the control automatically Quench Mode comes up to power Reduced Power Rapping slowly over a period of 6 Level to 8 seconds. This prevents rapid loading SCR Imbalance Trip of the supply system Soft Start and rapid powering of the TR. Automatic Transfer to Manual Spark Response in Manual Mode True RMS Display Control Reinitialization Precipitator operating and optimizing products Miscellaneous FunctionsIf a CPU fails the control automatically switches Quench Mode to the manual mode and Reduced Power Rapping Leveloperates at a field adjustable power level SCR Imbalance Trip between 0 and 60% of Soft Start rated power. Automatic Transfer to Manual Spark Response in Manual Mode True RMS Display Control Reinitialization Precipitator operating and optimizing products Miscellaneous Functions If the Interface Unit CPU fails, the control Quench Mode automatically switches to Reduced Power Rapping the manual mode and Level operates at a field SCR Imbalance Trip adjustable power level Soft Start between 0 and 60% of rated power. Automatic Transfer to Manual Spark Response in Manual Mode True RMS Display Control Reinitialization
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Miscellaneous FunctionsFor accuracy, the primary electrical Quench Mode readings are displayed Reduced Power Rapping Levelin true RMS rather than average. SCR Imbalance Trip Soft Start Automatic Transfer to Manual Spark Response in Manual Mode True RMS Display Control Reinitialization
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Miscellaneous FunctionsThe CPU and memory registers can be reset Quench Mode for a fresh start in the Reduced Power Rapping Levelevent of a transient induced program error. SCR Imbalance Trip Soft Start Automatic Transfer to Manual Spark Response in Manual Mode True RMS Display Control Reinitialization
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Control Circuitry Its Easier Than It Looks
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Types of SCRs
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Inside a Transformer Rectifier
Precipitator operating and optimizing
products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Precipitator operating and optimizing products Precipitator operating and optimizing products