SYSTEM FORMWORK

Larsen and toubro limited

Presentation by:
Rachna Rajput
(1030227)

05/20/17 1
 LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED
ECC DIVISION
LUDHIANA CITY CENTRE
CONSTRUCTION OF RCC BASEMENT STRUCTURE

05/20/17 2
By : A.K. Mishra
THE CLIENT: TODAYHOMES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
JOINT VENTURE WITH LUDHIANA
IMPROVEMENT TRUST

ARCHITECT: CP KUKREJA AND ASSOCIATES

CONTRACTOR : LARSEN AND TOUBRO LIMITED

05/20/17 3
 LUDHIANA CITY
CENTRE
LOCATED IN HEART OF LUDHIANA
BUILT ON 25 ACRES OF LAND
4 SIDE OPEN PLOT
MAXIMUM NUMBER OF CAR PARKS UNDER
ONE ROOF
ONLY DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA WITH 5 STAR
HOTEL,SHOPPING MALL,IT/OFFICE
SPACE,HEALTH CARE,LIBRARY,MUESEAM
UNDER 1 ROOF
BIGGEST ATRIUM:2 LAKH SQUARE FEET
05/20/17 4
 LUDHIANA CITY CENTRE
CONSTRUCTION OF RCC BASEMENT STRUCTURE
Project Highlights
JOB VALUE : 12400 lacs
DATE OF LOI: 30:1:2006
DATE OF COMMENCEMENT: 15:02:2006
DATE OF COMPLETION: 14:02:2007
DURATION OF
PROJECT : 12 months
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 THE WORK
FORMWORK PLANNING AND
DESIGN OF ITS VARIOUS
COMPONENTS

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 WHAT IS FORMWORK?
FORMWORK IS A MOULD USED TO SHAPE
CONCRETE UNTIL IT ATTAINS SUFFICIENT
STRENGTH TO CARRY ITS OWN WEIGHT
CAN BE ASSEMBLED BY UNSKILLED
LABOUR

CONSTITUTES 30% OF THE COST AND 60%

OF THE TIME IN CONCRETE
CONSTRUCTION

GOOD FORMWORK RESULTS IN

SPEED,QUALITY,ECONOMY AND SAFETY
05/20/17 7
 TRADITIONAL
APPROACH
BALLIES USED AS SUPPORT FOR
SHUTTERING

UNSAFE AND UNRELIABLE

LOW REUSE VALUE

DOES NOT PRODUCE GOOD QUALITY

CONCRETE
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 CHOICE OF RIGHT TYPE OF
FORMWORK
FORMWORK SHOULD BE ABLE TO BE
DESHUTTERED AND DISMANTLED FAST
SAFETY TO BE IMPROVED BY SITE
PERSONNEL
OVERALL COST SAVINGS
GOOD SURFACE FINISH TO BE ACHIEVED
OPTIMUM STOCK OF FORMWORK FOR SIZE
OF WORKFORCE AND SPECIFIED TIME
SCHEDULE

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 SYSTEM FORMWORK-
L&T
EARLIER CALLED DOKA
FORMWORK
INVERSIBLE
FAST ERECTION
MORE STABLE
SAFE IN USE

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 FORMWORK PLANNING
STEP1.)
CONFIRMING HQ ON THE NEW JOBS BAGGED

IDENTIFYING TIME AND MATERIALS FOR

CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
STEP2.)
FINALIZING FORMWORK MATERIALS

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT

COLLATE THE REPORTS FROM RUNNING SITES

AND CHECK SEPARABILITY FROM OTHER SITES

WITHIN THE REGION
SENDING REQUEST FOR TRANSFER OF

RESOURCES IF AVAILIBILIY IS CONFIRMED

05/20/17 11
 CONTD.
RECEIVING NEW TARGETS ON
PRODUCTIVITY FROM HQ

COMPARING THE RUNNING LMP

COST FROM THE ACTUAL

IDENTIFYING TRAINING NEEDS

OF STAFF

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 COMPONENT DETAILING
FOUNDATION FORMWORK

HDT TOWER

SLAB/BEAM FORMWORK

WALL/COLUMN FORMWORK

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 FOUNDATION FORMWORK
STEEL PANELS OF STANDERED SIZES
MINIMIZE MAKING AT SITE
USE OF VERSATILE COMPONENTS LIKE
STEEL WALERS(2 ISMC BACK 2BACK) AND
ALIGNMENT PROPS
EASY ASSEMBLY WITH DIMENSIONAL
ACCURACY

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05/20/17 15
FOUNDATION FORMWORK
MATERIAL CONTD.

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CONTD

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 CONTD.

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 AFTER ERECTION
Steel panel
Pipe waler
clamp
Pipe waler

Alignment
prop

welar

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 HDT TOWER
BASIC FRAME
HORIZONTAL BRACE
DIAGNOL BRACE
TAKES LOAD OF 250KN
HIEGHT ADJUSTMENTS UPTO 800MM
POSSIBLE
TRANSPORT DEVICES CAN BE ATTATCHED

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 COMPONENT DETAILING

05/20/17 21
CONTD.

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 AFTER ERECTION

Coupler and
spring lock pin

Foot plate

Tower
spindle

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 WALL/COLUMN FORMWORK
SHOP MADE SHUTTER

ACCORDING TO THE HIEGHT OF WALL OR

COLUMN SPLICING CAN BE DONE

ISMC WALERS ARE USED FOR BEARING

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 COMPONENT
DETAILING

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CONTD.

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 CONTD

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COLUMN FORMWORK WORKING
AT 4.8M HIEGHT

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 COLUMN FORMWORK

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WALL FORMWORK 1.8M HIEGHT

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 SLAB/BEAM FORMWORK
SHEATHING MEMBER

H-BEAM(SECONDARY MEMBER)

WELAR(PRIMARY MEMBER)

HDT TOWER

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 AFTER ERECTION
Sheathing
H-beam

welar

tower

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 DESIGN OF FORMWORK
FORMWORK MUST SUPPORT ALL THE
VERTICAL AND LATERAL LOADS
ALL LOADS ARE ASSUMED TO BE
UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED
BEAMS SUPPORTED OVER 3 OR MORE
SPANS ARE TAKEN AS CONTINUOUS
APPROXIMATE FORMULAE ARE USED

05/20/17 33
 AN IMPORTANT POINT
SHEATHING SPAN DECIDES H-BEAM SPACING

H-BEAM SPAN DECIDES WALER SPACING

WELAR SPAN DECIDES TOWER SPACING

SPAN HERE MEANS THE DISTANCE BETWEEN

TWO REACTION POINTS

05/20/17 34
 DESIGN PROCEDURE
EXAMPLE
LOADS TO BE TAKEN
DEAD LOAD(1)
(THICKNESS OF MEMBER*DENSITY OF
CONCRETE)

LIVE LOAD(2)

SELF WEIGHT(3)

DESIGN LOAD,W=(1)+(2)+(3)

05/20/17 35
 DESIGN PROCEDURE
CHECKS TO BE APPLIED
BENDING MOMENT CONDITION
SHEAR FORCE CONDITION
DEFLECTION CONDITION
THE MINIMUM OF ALL 3 SPANS IS
TAKEN AS SPAN FOR THE MEMBER
ACCORDING TO HEIGHT OF WALL OR
COLUMN THE REQUIRED LENGTH OF
H-BEAM(AN I SECTION )
HIGH STRENGTH TIE SYSTEM BEAR
LARGE CONCRETE PRESSURE
05/20/17 36
 DESIGN PROCEDURE
CONTD.
DESIGN DONE FROM TOP TO BOTTOM
1. SHEATHING MEMBER
2.H-BEAM(SECONDARY MEMBER)
3.WELAR(PRIMARY MEMBER)
HDT TOWER

05/20/17 37
 SELF WEIGHT OF CONCRETE WITH
REINFORCEMENT=25KN/M^3

SELF WEIGHT OF FORMWORK VARIES

BETWEEN 0.5KN/M^2 TO .75KN/M^2

MINIMUM LIVE LOAD =2.5KN/M^2

MINIMUM DESIGN LOAD=5.0 KN/SQM

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 SHEATHING MEMBER:
END CONDITION ASSUMED TO BE A PROPPED
CANTILEVER
BM=W*L^2/8<=.2KNM/M

SHEAR=5*W*L/8<=6.16KN/M

DEFLECTION=W*L^4/(185*E*I)<=1.852*10^-3M
MINIMUM OF ABOVE THESE 3 SPANS IS TAKEN
AS SPACING BETWEEN H-BEAMS

05/20/17 39
 SECONDARY MEMBER(H BEAM):
END CONDITION IS ASSUMED TO BE SIMPLY
SUPPORTED
LOAD INTENSITY =DESIGN LOAD*SPAN OF

SHEATHING MEMBER
BM=W*L^2/8<=3KNM

SHEAR=W*L/2<=6KN

DEFLECTION=5*W*L^4/(384*E*I)

MINIMUM OF ALL 3 IS TAKEN AS SPAN FOR

H-BEAM

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 WELAR (PRIMARY MEMBER)
SIMPLY SUPPORTED END CONDITION IS
ASSUMED
NOW WIDTH OF LOADING IS THE SPAN FOR

H-BEAM AND W=DESIGN LOAD*WIDTH OF

LOADING
BM=W*L^2/8<=12.67KNM/M

SHEAR=W*L/2<=103.4KN/M

DEFLECTION=5*W*L^4/(384*E*I)<=6.67*10^-3

MINIMUM OF THESE 3 IS TAKEN AS THE

DISTANCE BETWEEN 2 TOWERS

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05/20/17 42
 DESIGN FOR WALL/COLUMN
FORMWORK
CONCRETE EXERTS A FLUID PRESSURE Dh
ON THE FORMWORK
Pmax=

D[C1*R^.5-(C2*K*(H-C1*R^.5)^.5) OR
Dh
whichever is smaller
VALUE OF C1
FOR WALLS=1
FOR COLUMNS=1.5
05/20/17 43
 VALUE OF C2 DEPENDS ON CONSTITUENT
MATERIALS OF CONCRETE
D=WEIGHT DENSITY OF CONCRETE
H=VERTICAL FORM HIEGHT
h=VERTICAL POUR HIEGHT
K=TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT TAKEN AS
(36/T+16)^2
R=RATE OF RISE M/H
T=TEMPERATURE OF CONCRETE AT PLACING
(degree celsius)

05/20/17 44
 PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION DIAGRAM

Pmax/D

P max

05/20/17 45
 DESIGN OF WALER DESIGNED AS
LATERALLY UNSUPPORTED BEAM
SIGMAbc=.66*Fcb*Fy/(Fcb^n+Fy^n)^1/n
Fcb=ELASTIC CRITICAL STRESS(N/MM^2)

Fy= YIELD STRESS OF STEEL IN( N/MM^2)

N=FACTOR TAKEN AS 1.4
Fcb=K1*(X+K2*Y)*C2/C1
PERMISSIBLE SHEAR STRESS=0.4*Fy
PERMISSIBLE DEFLECTION=L(SPAN)/325
BENDING STRESS=M/Z
SHEAR STRESS=F/Aweb
05/20/17 46
 STRIPPING TIME FOR
FORMWORK
VERTICAL FORMWORK TO COLUMN, WALL
AND BEAM :16-24HOURS

SOFFIT FORMWORK TO SLABS(PROPS TO BE

REFIXED AFTER REMOVAL OF FORMWOK) :3DAYS

SOFFIT FORMWORK TO BEAMS :7DAYS

05/20/17 47
 SAFETY IN FORMWORK
BEFORE ERECTION OF STEEL FRAME
STAGING THOROUGH INSPECTION
DIAGNOL BRACES SHOULD BE IN PROPER
POSITION
ALL CONNECTING DEVICES SHOULD BE IN
PLACE
BRACING SHOULD BE PROVIDED IF TOWER
HEIGHT INCREASES 6M
AT HIEGHTS SAFETY BELTS SHOULD BE
USED BY WORKMEN

05/20/17 48
 Ladder Safety
Follow the 4:1 rule when using extension ladders

6 m (20 ft)

1.5 m (5 ft.)

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 Erect First Tower Adjust and ensure the
top level is same. Connect all pin bracing

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 Use of lifeline above 2m

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 LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY
PRODUCTIVITY IS MAXIMUM OUTPUT FROM MINIMUM INPUT

UNITS ARE SQM/MANDAY

WORKING OF 8 HRS=1MANDAY

PRODUCTIVITY=
SHUTTERING AREA ACHIEVED DURING THE
MONTH/MANDAYS

05/20/17 54
 MATERIAL
PRODUCTIVITY
MATERIAL PRODUCTIVITY IS COMPARED
WITH STANDERED PRODUCTIVITY
STANDERED PRODUCTIVITY CALCULATED
ON THE BASIS OF SHUTTERING AREA
COMPLETED AND KG MONTH PER SQM
TOTAL REQUIRED KG=
SHUTTERING AREA *KG MONTH PER SQM

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 ACTUAL PRODUCTIVITY IS
TAKEN AS AVERAGE STOCK
LEFT

PRODUCTIVITY IN %=
(ACTUALPRODUCTIVITY/STANDE
RED PRODUCTIVITY)*100

05/20/17 56
 RATE ANALYSIS
ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF CARPENTER
KHALASI AND HELPER,NUMBER OF HOURS
OF WORK AND RATE/HR THE TOTAL AMOUNT
IS CALCULATED FOR SHIFTING ,FIXING AND
REMOVING
PRODUCTIVITY IN SQM/MANDAYS IS
CALCULATED

05/20/17 57
 BATCHING OF
CONCRETE
PAN TYPE BATCHING PLANT
CAPACITY OF 60M^3/HR
WEIGHED BATCHING
MIXING
TRANSPORTATION
PLACING

05/20/17 58
 THANK YOU

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