Vishwakarma Government

Engineering College
Chandkheda
Chemical Engineering
Div-A
Vapour compression cycle R &
A.C.
PPT
B.E 2nd Semester 2017
Vapour compression cycle
R & A.C.
Created by
Divyesh Parmar-160170105032
Dhruv Patel-160170105033
Harsh Patel-160170105034
Ishan Patel-160170105035
 VAPOR COMPRESSION
REFRIGERATION CYCLE
Most common refrigeration cycle in use today
There are four principal
control volumes involving
These components:
1-Evaporator
2-compressor
3-condenser
4-Expansion valve
All energey transfer by wprk and heat are taken as positive
in the
Directions of the schematic and energy balances are
written accordingly
 Vapour compression refrigeration cycle

The processes of this cycle are:

Process-4-1:two-phase liquid-vapour
Mixture of refrigerant is evapoated
Through heat transfer from the refrigerated space.

Process-1-2:Vapor refrigerant is compressed to a relatively high

Temperature and pressure requiring work input.

Process2-3: vapor refrigerant condenses to liquid through heat

transfer to the cooler surrounding.

Process 3-4: liquid refrigerant expands to the evaporator

pressure.
 VAPOR COMPRESSION
REFRIGERATION CYCLE
ENGINEERING MODEL :
Each components is analyzed as a control volume
at steady state.
Dry compression is presumed: the refrigerant is a
vapor.
The compressor operates adiabatically.
The refrigerant expanding through the valve
undergoes a throttling process.
Kinetic and potential energy changes are ignored
 VAPOR COMPRESSION
REFRIGERATION CYCLE
Applying mass and energy rate
balances
Evaporator : Qin/m = h1-h4 (eq.1)
The term Qin is referred to as the refrigeration
capacity,expressed in kW in the SI unit system or Btu/h
in the English unit system.
A common alternate unit is the ton of refrigeration
which equals 200Btu/min or about 211kJ/min.
Compressor :
Assuming adiabatic compression Wc/m = h2-h1 (eq.2)
Condenser : Qout/m = h2-h1 (eq.3)
Expansion Valve :
Assuming a throttling process h4 = h3 (eq.4)
 VAPOR COMPRESSION
REFRIGERATION CYCLE
Performance parameters
Coefficient of performance(COP)
= h1-h4/h2-h1 (eq.5)
Carnot coefficient of performance :
Bmax = Tc/TH-Tc (eq.6)
This equation represents the maximum
theoretical coeffieient of performance of any
refrigeration cycle operation between cold and
hot regions at Tc and TH respectively.
P-E diagram
 VAPOR COMPRESSION AIR
CONDITIONING CYCLE
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM :
An air conditioning system is an assembly of
different part of system used produce a specified
codition of air within a require space or building.
The basic elements of air conditioning system.
Fans : for circulation of air.
Filters: for cleaning of air.
Heating elements : heating elements of air (its
may electrical heater,steam,hot water.)
 VAPOR COMPRESSION AIR
CONDITIONING CYCLE
Control system :it regulates automaticallt the
amount of cooling or heating.
Grill:it adjust the direction of the conditioned air
to the room.
Tray:it collects condensed water.
Refrigerating plant : provide cooling. Its consist of
compressor/generator
adsorber,evaporator,condenser,expansiondevice(c
apallary tube).
 VAPOR COMPRESSION AIR
CONDITIONING CYCLE

Types of Air Conditioner

:
1-window air conditioner.
2-split air conditioners.
 VAPOR COMPRESSION AIR
CONDITIONING CYCLE
Window Air Conditioner :
Window Air Conditioner fig.
Windows Air Conditioner
 VAPOR COMPRESSION AIR
CONDITIONING CYCLE
Window Air Conditioner :
Working: the air circulation system of the
window air conditioner comprises of the
following parts.
1)Blower:this is the small blower that is fitted
behind the evaporator or cooling coil inside the
assembly of the windows air conditioner system.
The blower sucks the air from the room which
first passes over the air fitter and goes filtered.
And chiled air,which passes through the supply air
compartments inside the windows air conditioner
assembly. This air is then delivered into the room
from the supply air grill of the front panel.
Working
 VAPOR COMPRESSION AIR
CONDITIONING CYCLE
2)Propellers fan or the condenser fan :the
condenser fan is the forced draft type of propeller fan
that sucks the stmospheric air and blows it over the
condenser.The hot refrigerant inside the condenser
gives up the heat to the atmosheric air and its
temperature reduces.
3)Fan Moter :the motor inside the window air
conditioner assemble is located between the
condenser and the evaporator coil.it has double shaft
on one siide of which the blower is fitted and on other
side the condenser fan is fitted. This makes the whole
assembly of the blower,the condenser fan and the
motor highly compact.
 Advantages and Disadvantages
(1) It produce noise in the room because of
compressor is very near to the room.

(2) The evaporator and condenser is enclosed in

single unit. Therefore evaporator not be used as
an interior of room because condenser requires
outside air for cooling.

(3) It requires appropriate size of windows or hole

in wall in order to the conditioner.
 VAPOR COMPRESSION AIR
CONDITIONING CYCLE
Split Air conditioner :
Split Air Conditioner
 VAPOR COMPRESSION AIR
CONDITIONING CYCLE
Split Air Conditioner :
The split air conditioner divided in two parts :--
(1)first part :-
include evaporator,filter,evaporator fan and
grill. This placed out side the room.

(2)Second part :-
include condenser,fan,compressor. This
placed out side the room. Diameter rubes.
therefore, small hole required in wall of installation
of split air condition. The split air conditioning units are
available in capacity range of 1 to 3 tons.
 Advantages and Disadvantages
(1) the compressor is outside of the
room,therefore no compressor noise in the Room.

(2) no window opening and fixing needed.

(3) the first part can be located in the room with

decorative display. The first unit can be mounted
on floor,ceiling,wall or behind a decorative
structure.
Thank you