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Liquids
The
viscosity of a Newtonian fluid depends
primarily on temperature and to a lesser degree
on pressure.
Flow in Boundary
Layers
Boundary Layer
The part of a moving fluid in which the fluid
motion is influenced by the presence of a solid
boundary.
Boundary Layer
Laminar and Turbulent
Flow in Boundary Layers
Flow in this part of the boundary layer is
essentially laminar.
Actually it is laminar most of the time, but
occasionally eddies from the main portion of the
flow or the outer region of the boundary layer
move very close to the wall, temporarily
disrupting the velocity profile.
Between the zone of fully developed turbulence
and the region of laminar flow is a transition, or
buffer, layer of intermediate character.
Turbulent boundary layer has three zones:
Viscous sublayer
Buffer layer
Turbulent zone
Laminar and Turbulent
Flow in Boundary Layers
Laminar and Turbulent
Flow in Boundary Layers
The
factors that determine the point at which
turbulence appears in a laminar boundary layer
are coordinated by the dimensionless Reynolds
number defined by
Laminar and Turbulent
Flow in Boundary Layers
Transition length for laminar and turbulent flow