Data Flow Diagram

An Example -
A Context Diagram for a Fast-Food IS
An Example - A decomposed Context
Diagram - Level 0 Diagram
An Example - A further decomposition
A Level-1 Data Flow Diagram
Decomposition Overview

Context Diagram

Level-0
Diagram
Processes in a DFD
Correct vs. Incorrect
Incorrect Correct
Basic Concept About Data Flows ...
It has two kinds of flow: a) Inflow to a Data Store
(Create/Modify/Delete) b) Outflow from a Data Store (Read)

Order
Cancelled Order

Delete
Process Cencel
Order Order

Order
2 to be
Deleted
New
2
Order
Read
Orders

Create Unfilled
Order
1

New l
Order 2
Address
Change Summarize
Order Unfilled
Address
Modify Orders

Change of Address Summary of Orders

Data Flows in a DFD
Incorrect vs. Correct
Incorrect Correct
Balancing Principle

Context Diagram

Level-0
Diagram
Unbalanced DFD
Order
OrderSystem:
System:Context
ContextDiagram
Diagram

New customer

Order Picking Slip

Order
Customer Invoice Order Warehouse
System
Ship
Statement
Order
OrderSystem:
System:Level-1
Level-1Diagram
Diagram

New 1
info D Customer
New customer 1 Master
Add
Customer
Picking
slip Warehouse
3
Warehouse
2
Picking
Cust Info Order
Order Slip
Customer Process
Produced Picked
Customer Pending
Order Order

Proc 4
Info
D Inventory Ship statement
2 Master Shipping
Customer
Ship N/A Prepare

D Customer Shipping info

1 Master
5
Cust Invoice
Bill N/A Customer
Bill
Bill Info
Produce
Order
OrderSystem:
System:Level-2
Level-2Diagram
Diagram
2.1
D Customer
Order 1 Master
Customer Verify
Customer
Need to
establish
Valid

2.2
D Inventory
Order 2 Master Update
Customer Verify
Item
Notify 2.4

Update
Avail Commit
Valid
2.3
Item
D Shipping
Check 4 Taxes
Available
Tax

2.5 Ord D Inventory

2 Master
Create
Order Pending Order
A large pizza business makes pizzas and sells them. The pizzas are
manufactured and kept in cold storage for not more than two
weeks.
The business is split into a number of functional units. There is
Production Control, Manufacturing, Stores, Accounts, Sales,
Shipping and Purchasing. Production Control are responsible for
organising which pizzas to produce in what order and in what
quantity. They need to schedule the production of the pizzas
according to the current and expected sales orders together with
the number of pizzas already in Stores. Manufacturing take the
raw materials from the Stores and manufacture pizzas returning
the completed goods to the Stores. Accounts deal with the
payments for the pizzas when delivered to the customer and the
payment to the suppliers of the raw materials. Sales deal with
customer orders whilst Purchasing organise the buying of raw
material from suppliers. Shipping manage the packing and
delivery of the goods to the customer with a delivery note.
When a sales order is received by sales they record what is being
ordered and by whom. They also record the details of the expected
date of delivery. Production Control access this information and
make sure that, if required, pizzas are produced by Manufacturing
and are ready in Stores for when the delivery needs to be made.

After the delivery is made Accounts make sure that the customer
receives an invoice and that payment for the invoice is received at
which time a receipt is issued. Purchasing look at the current stock
of raw materials and by using current stock levels, supplier turn
around times and quantity to be ordered decide what needs to be
ordered on a daily basis. Their aim is never to run out of an
ingredient but to minimise the amount of raw material kept in stock.