RABIES EDUCATION

THROUGH

BRIGADA
ESKWELA
 What is rabies, and how do people
and animals get the disease?
Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused
by a virus.
Rabies is the deadliest disease on
earth and you will have a 99.9%
chance of dying if you do not get
treatment immediately after getting
infected. The treatment for rabies
will however ensure that you are
protected against the deadly disease.
How big is the rabies problem?
One person dies of rabies somewhere
around the world every ten minutes.
Many of the victims of dog bites are
children younger than 15 years of age.
Children often play with animals (and
may not understand when animals do not
want to be disturbed) and are also less
likely to report bites or scratches.
 BUT...
Killing dogs does not prevent
or control rabies. An estimated
20 million dogs are killed every
year to try and control
rabies, but it has little effect on
controlling the disease.
How do people and animals get the
disease?
Human beings can get rabies if an
infected animal bites, licks or
scratches them. In fact, someone can
get the disease if the saliva from an
infected animal gets into their body
through any opening. If you get the
saliva in your eyes, for example, it can
give you rabies.
 Can rabies be
transmitted in food?
There are no scientifically documented
cases of rabies transmission by drinking
the raw milk of an animal that has rabies.
However, such transmission is possible and
drinking raw (unpasteurized) milk and raw
milk products from an animal that has
rabies is considered to be a risk.
....TAKE NOTE
Both preparing and ingesting raw animal
products from a rabid animal are
considered a high risk.
There are documented cases of rabies
transmission to butchers cutting meat
from a rabid animal.
Preparing meat from wildlife is also
considered a high risk activity for rabies
transmission.
After a person has been bitten,
licked or scratched by animal with
rabies:
The time between the bite and the signs
of rabies appearing in a person is called
the Incubation Period.
The person usually shows signs of the
disease in 1-3 months, but . . . they
could show signs in less than a week or
it could take more than a year.
The time it takes for signs of
rabies to appear depends on:
Where the bite is located on the
persons body the further away
from the brain, the longer the
symptoms will take to appear.
How severe the bite is.
How much rabies virus is deposited
into the wound during the bite.
After a person has been
bitten:
An anti-rabies vaccination can only
prevent rabies if it is given to the victim
before the virus reaches the nervous
system. There are no definite external
signs of rabies before the virus has
reached the nervous system.
The vaccination cannot cure rabies once
the clinical symptoms appear in the
victim.
 After an animal has been bitten, licked
or scratched by an animal with rabies:
The time between the bite and the signs of
rabies in animals is also called the incubation
period.
After an animal has been bitten by an infected
animal: animals like dogs and cats usually show
signs of the disease between 2 weeks and 3
months,
BUT they could show signs within 10 days or
it could take up to six months. in animals like
cattle, which are often bitten by rabid animals,
it can take from 25 days to 5months.
 REMEMBER
Rabies vaccination is only effective during the
incubation period.
If you are bitten by a suspected rabid animal
you should wash the bite wound with soap and
running water (from a tap or poured from a
jug) for at least 15 minutes and then go to a
clinic for further treatment
After clinical symptoms appear the patient
usually dies within a few days.
There is NO test to diagnose rabies before the
symptoms appear.
So how do we know if someone
has developed rabies?
 So how do we know if someone
has developed rabies?
The first signs of rabies can
include:
fever
often pain or an unusual or
unexplained tingling, pricking or
burning sensation at the site of the bite
wound
So how do we know if someone has
developed rabies?
Rabies can manifest as one of two main forms,
known as furious and dumb rabies(paralytic)
depending on which symptoms develop in the
infected person or animal. Regardless of the
form that has manifested, any of the
following symptoms might be observed:
fear of bright light, fear of water, aggressive
behaviour, such as hitting out or biting
agitation
drooling
 So how do we know if someone
has developed rabies?
hallucinations seeing or hearing things
that are not real
fever and headache
excessive sweating
muscles gradually become paralyzed,
starting at the site of the bite or scratch.
the patient gradually slips into a coma
and dies.
 What should we do when a
person shows any of these
symptoms?
If you see a person with any of these
symptoms, take them immediately to the
nearest health facility -- a clinic, a hospital, a
doctor, a nurse or someone working in
healthcare who knows what to do. This is
very important as some of the symptoms are
associated with other diseases that can be
treated by medical practitioners.
 What does rabies look like in
animals?
Rabid animals may show some or many of
the following signs:
they might appear confused, restless or aggressive
strange behaviour, such as trying to bite the air, turning
in circles, or appearing unusually tame around
strangers
they might try to attack or bite anything that comes
near, including things that are not alive
their voice might change (for example, you may notice a
change in the pitch and tone of your dog's bark or howl)
 What does rabies look like in
animals?
Rabid animals may show some or many of
the following signs:
they drool excessively
they sometimes eat strange things,
such as rocks, dirt or wood
they lose their appetite
they are fully or partly paralyzed
and many other behaviour changes
 What should we do if an animal shows signs of rabies?

Dont panic and harm the dog it is easy to mistake

other illnesses with early signs of rabies. If you can
contain the animal without danger of exposure, do so
before contacting the local authorities or a
veterinarian.
If you can get no help from any local authorities or
veterinarian, you can observe the animal for 14 days in
a safe enclosure, providing it with food and water and
space to exercise. If the animal is still alive at the end
of that period then it does not have rabies.
 Caring for animals to
prevent rabies :
The Five freedoms ensure the well-being of
animals:
1.Freedom from hunger and thirst
2.Freedom from discomfort
3.Freedom from pain, injury and disease
4.Freedom to express normal behaviour
5.Freedom from fear and distress
CONSIDER :
Pet owners should consider taking their animals
to the veterinarian to have a simple operation so
that they don't have babies (SPAYED). This will
not prevent them from getting rabies, but it will
help reduce the number of unwanted animals that
may not be properly cared for or vaccinated.
Animal vaccinations may be provided by local
government veterinary clinics in your area and /or
private veterinary clinics or animal welfare
organisations.
 How dog vaccination
can stop rabies ?
The black dots represent the unvaccinated dogs.
The red dot represents a rabies-infected dog.

Source: WSPA (now known as World Animal Protection). 2011

 How dog vaccination
can stop rabies ?
Infected dogs spread the disease
When an infected dog comes into the area, the dog spreads
the disease to other dogs
 But vaccinated dogs can
stop the disease

*Blue dots represent vaccinated dogs.

Dogs should not be killed

If dogs are killed instead of vaccinated, there will be fewer dogs (at
least for a short while), but these dogs will till be at risk of rabies. As
such, killing dogs will not stop or prevent rabies and will not prevent
the spread of the disease to human populations.
 prevention and control
Around the world, especially in Asia and
Africa, people who live in both rural and
urban areas still die of rabies because
they cannot afford health care or cannot
easily reach a health centre. In these cases
in particular, clear, useful information
regarding the prevention of bites and
basic wound care could save their lives.
Working together for rabies
prevention and control
We can give people in the community correct
information about rabies and how to prevent it.
They can explain the law about rabies and
animals in the area.
We must encourage dog owners to bring their
dogs for yearly rabies vaccinations.
We should educate the community, especially
children, on how to take care of animals and
how to behave around dogs.
 Working together for rabies
prevention and control
We must encourage animal bite victims to go to the
nearest health centre or hospital, and give them details
about where to go.
We can identify signs of rabies in humans and
animals, and report them to the proper authorities.
We must stay in contact with people working for
rabies prevention in the community and local
government.
These are just some of the roles you can play as
a community educator to prevent dog bites and
rabies. You are helping to save lives.
 Challenges in preventing rabies
1. Some people are irresponsible pet owners.
2. People do not always understand how they can
be infected or how they can prevent rabies.
3. People may not be aware of the need to
vaccinate dogs, they may not have the
opportunity to do so, or they may not be able to
afford it.
4. People may have incorrect ideas about dog
vaccination, and no one has explained it to
them.
 Challenges in preventing rabies
5. Instead of seeking medical care, some people may
prefer to seek traditional treatments, which could
be detrimental (DAMAGE) to their health.
6. Some people do not live close to health centres or
hospitals, and have difficulties reaching them.
7. The costs of travel to health facilities, and
vaccines, may be too high for poorer families.
8. Health care staff may not explain to bite victims
that they need to return for the full course of
treatment, and may not make it clear why this is
essential.
Challenges in preventing rabies
9. Governmental authorities may not care
enough about rabies to make sure laws are
properly enforced.
10. The public health and veterinary
authorities may not be able to work together
to control rabies.
11.Rabies affects both humans and animals,
so regular vaccination of dogs and cats can
contribute to human health as well.
ALWAYS REMEMBER THAT
THIS IS A NO NO
Traditional or folk practices, like
putting a stone, coin, garlic or a herb
on the wound site, cannot cure or
prevent rabies.
The use of traditional or folk
practices could result in an infected
wound.
 Rabies Status
in ILOCOS SUR
Rabies Status in ILOCOS SUR
 Number of Animal Bite Cases in Ilocos Sur CY 2012-2016

7000 6484
6000
5030
5000
4325
4000
3356
3000
2166
2000

1000

0
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
3500 Distribution of Animal Bite 3248
3236
by Gender
3000 CY 2012-2016 2680
Male 2350
2500 2219
Female 2106

2000 1845
1511
1500 1187
979
1000

500

0
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
 Distribution of Animal Bite under & Above 15 y/o
CY 2012-2016
4000

3500

3000
2735
2569

2500 2344
2461

2000
1981

1745 15 &
1611 below
1500 15 &
1132 Above
1034
1000

500

0
2012 2013 2014 2015 3749
2016
Animal Bite Treatment Centers (n=5)
Province of Ilocos Sur
Sinait

Cabugao
San

Vigan CHO Juan

Magsing
Santo
al
Domingo
Provincial Health San Vicente San Ildefonso
Santa Catalina Bantay
Vigan
Office Caoayan
Santa

Nagbukel
Narvacan
Santa
San Maria
Sebastian Burgos

Candon City Health Santiago

LidliddaSan
Banayoyo Emilio
Office Galimuyo
Cando d Gregorio
Santa
n del Pilar Quirino
Lucia Salcedo
Tagudin Sta.
(Angkaki)
Cruz Sigay
Rural Health Unit Cervantes
Suyo

Tagudin General Hospital Tagudin

Alilem
& Capillariasis Center
Sugpon
No. of Animal Bite Cases in Region 1, 2016
Ilocos Norte Ilocos Sur La Union Pangasinan

5998; 9%
5443; 8%

14098; 21%
41663; 62%

n=67,202
 Rabies Cases by Year and Province
Region I, 2010-2016
No. of Animal Bite Cases

Year
 Magsingal
Human Rabies 2009-2016
Province of Ilocos Sur
2009
2017 Human Rabies Deaths as
of March, 2017
Bani
Bugallon
Bayambang
REFERENCES:
Global Alliance for Rabies Control (Sponsor for Rabies
Educator Certificate )
World Health Organization RABIES
World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Farm Animal Welfare Committee. Five Freedoms. March
31,2011
One Health Initiative. About the One Health Initiative.
Mr. John Paul Aquino DOH Regional Office 1 Rabies
Coordinator
Dr. Carmeliza Singson PHO Director, Ilocos Sur
Dr. Joey Warren Bragado Ilocos Sur Provincial
Veterinarian
TATANDAAN NATIN :
SEPTEMBER 28 WORLD RABIES
DAY
MARCH RABIES AWARENESS
MONTH
THANK
YOU