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POWER FLOW
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
ENGINE
CLUTCH
GEARBOX
PROPELLER SHAFT & U J CROSS
DIFFERENTIAL
AXLES
WHEELS
transmission-diagram.gif
ENGINE

HEAT & CHEMICAL ENERGY

CONVERTED INTO

MECHANICAL / KINETIC ENERGY

ENGINE CAN BE
CLASSIFIED INTO
INTERNAL COMBUTION ENGINE (IC)
EXTERNAL COMBUTION ENGINE
IC ENGINES CANBE
TWO STROKE

FOUR STROKE
ENGINE[1].SWF
DIESEL[1].SWF
TWO STROKE DIESEL IN
CONSTRUCTIONAPPLICATI
ON
DETROIT DIESEL ENGINE

VOLTAS OMEGA CRANES

&
GENERATORS
FOUR STROKE ENGINE
CUMMINS
CATERPILLAR
DEUTZ
GREAVES
ASHOK LEYLAND
KOEL
KOMATSU
TATA
ENGINE SYSTEMS

AIR INDUCTION & EXHAUST

SYSTEM
COOLING SYSTEM
FUEL SYSTEM
LUBRICATION SYSTEM
 ENGINE COMPONENTS
Air cleaner
Alternator & Starter Motor
Battery
Belt
Camshaft
Crankshaft
Cylinder Block Assembly
Cylinder Head Assembly
Drive Pulley
Flywheel
Governor
Manifold Intake, Exhaust & Water
Pump Fuel, Oil & Water
Radiator
Safety devices
Timing Gears
CLUTCH

A device which couples Gear Box to

Engine as and when required
by
Engaging and Disengaging operation
also
assists in matching the vehicles load onto
engines flywheel.
CLUTCH-FIG3[1].SWF
TYPES OF CLUTCH
Single plate dry clutch
Multi plate dry clutch
Multi plate wet clutch
Diaphragm clutch
Hydraulic clutch (Fluid Clutch)
Cone clutch
CLUTCH COMPONENTS
Clutch plate
Pressure plate
Clutch spring
Clutch release bearing
Clutch fork
Clutch finger
Clutch cover
FLUID CLUTCH
Fluid Coupling
Torque Converter
Torque Divider
FLUID COUPLING
COMPONENTS
Impeller
Turbine
Input shaft
Output shaft
Bearing
Housing
TORQUE CONVERTER
COMPONENTS
Turbine
Impeller
Input shaft
Output shaft
Bearing
Housing
Stator
torque-part.jpg
torque-cutaway.jpg
torque-intro.jpg
torque-pump.jpg
TORQUE DIVIDER
Turbine
Impeller
Input shaft
Output shaft
Bearing
Housing
Stator
Planetary Gears
GEARBOX
Provides Various Torque and Speed
ranges according to Road & Load
conditions.
Provides Reverse Gear operation.
Provides Neutral position when the
equipment is not in motion and the
engine is running.
trans5.gif
TYPES OF GEARS USED IN
GEAR BOX
SPUR GEAR
HELICAL GEAR
DOUBLE HELICAL GEAR
TYPES OF GEARBOX
Sliding mesh or Crash mesh
gearbox.
Constant mesh gear box.
Synchro-mesh gear box.
PROPELLER SHAFT
The Propeller shaft performs the
function of transmitting the engine
power at an angle to Gear box, then
to Differential.
It also maintains the distance
difference between Gear box and
Differential.
UNIVERSAL JOINTS
The ends of Propeller shaft is
supported by Universal Joints.
It assists in taking the misalignment
when the Propeller shaft is mounted
at an angle.
It provides flexibility during the jerks
caused by rear axle and suspension.
TYPES OF U J CROSS
Ball type
Rubber coupling type
Pot type
Cross type or Yoke type
COMPONENTS OF CROSS
TYPE UNIVERSAL JOINT
Driving flange yoke
Spider cross
Spider cross bearing
Grease fitting
Lock or Snap Ring
DIFFERENTIAL
FUNCTIONS
Allows the power from gear box to flow

at 900 to both half shafts of rear axle.

At turning Differential allows the outer

wheel to turn more than the inner wheel

there by rapid tyre wear is avoided.
This differentiation in speed between the

wheels is maintained even when the

vehicle is being driven on uneven roads
having ups and downs. DIFFERENTIAL-TURNING2[1].SWF
DIFFERENTIAL
COMPONENTS
Crown wheel
Tail Pinion
Sun Pinion
Star Pinion
Cage
Spider
Tail Pinion Bearing
Differential Bearing
Thrust Washers
Housing
differential-open.gifDIFFERENTIAL[2].SWF
AXLE REAR
The rear axle transfers the power
received from Differential to the
Wheels.
It supports the weight of the
Chassis at rear.
TYPES OF REAR AXLE
Semi floating type.
Three quarter floating type.
Full floating type.
FRONT AXLE
FUNCTIONS
Front wheels are fitted on the front
wheels. It is also linked to the
steering
system. Besides this axle has to
support
the front portion of the vehicle.
FRONT AXLE
CONTRUCTION
Front Axle is made as either I-
section beam type or Tubular section
beam type. Beams both ends are
joined with Stub axle through king
pins. Wheels are mounted onto stub
axle to move and also to support the
load at front.
STEERING
FUNCTION
Steering system is provided to
keep effective control on moving
vehicle through out its range of
speed irrespective of its load and
road condition with little or less
effort to the driver.
STEERING COMPONENTS
Steering wheel
Steering outer tube
Steering shaft
Steering drop arm
Steering gear box
Drag link
Steering arm
Track rod (Tie rod)
Tie rodendsteering-rack.jpg
TYPES OF STEERING BOX
Worm and sector type
Worm and Roller type
Worm and Nut type
Worm and wheel type
Worm and Nut with re-circulating ball type
Cam and Peg type
Rack and Pinion type
Hydraulic assisted mechanical steering
BRAKES
Type of Brakes
Mechanical brakes
Hydraulic brakes
Vacuum assisted hydraulic brakes
Pressure assisted hydraulic brakes
Disc brakes
Air brakes
brake-layout-all.jpg
BRAKES

Brakes with respect to application

Internal expanding type

External contracting type

WHEELS
Wheels are used to move any
type of vehicle and provide rolling
motion.
Commonly used types are
Pressed steel disc wheels
Heavy duty pressed steel rim with
ring
TYRE
FUNCTIONS
Carry the load of the vehicle
Damp down the vibration to some extent
Transmits the power of the engine to ground
Absorbs the retarding force when a vehicle
is braked and keeps on skidding when
brakes are applied till the vehicle stops
The Treads made on tyres for better road
grip and traction
tire-cutaway-big.jpg
THANK YOU