MODEL OF ART THERAPY) PERSON-CENTERED EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY Use the basic philosophy of Person-Centered Therapy The therapist must be emphatic, open, honest, congruent, and caring It incorporates the belief that each individual has worth, dignity, and the capacity for self- direction. The therapy uses various arts movement, drawing, painting, sculpting, music, writing, sound The therapy is conducted in a supportive environment to facilitate self-exploration, healing and growth It is a process of discovering oneself that comes from an emotional depth It is not creating a pretty pictures, nor a dance ready for stage It differs from the analytic or medical model of art therapy, in which the art is not used for diagnostic purposes. HUMANISTIC PRINCIPLES OF PERSON- CENTERED ART THERAPY
All people have an innate ability to be creative
The creative process is healing Personal growth and higher state of consciousness are achieved through self-awareness, self- understanding and insight Self-awareness, self-understanding and insight are achieved by delving into our emotions Our feelings and emotions are an energy source The expressive arts lead us into the unconscious Art modes interrelate in the creative connection The connection exists between our life-force our inner core, or soul and the essence of all beings Therefore as we journey inwards to discover our essence or wholeness, we discover our relatedness to the outer world. Personal growth takes place in a safe, supportive environment created by therapists who are genuine, warm, emphatic, open, honest, congruent and caring. A client-counselor relationship can be the context for experiencing those qualities mentioned. Personal integration (mind, emotion, physical, and spiritual) occurs by client taking time to reflect on and evaluate these experiences ART THERAPY FOR DIAGNOSIS Theory of Compensation (Carl Jung)
A therapist should not try to impose any
particular behavior upon the client A therapist must be willing to accompany the clients unconscious on its journey The unconscious complement or compensate the conscious Premises What Art Therapy Stands On In order to understand the language of drawing, we must accept the following three premises:
There is an unconscious, and that the pictures come
from the same level as the dreams We are individuals resembling the iceberg, and there are the conscious and the unconscious content There is the need to consider other important signals coming from the unconscious and revealing themselves in our drawings and lives Focal Point In Understanding Drawing
The Principle of Understanding Drawing
First Principle Always note ones initial impression of a picture. One should not interpret the picture, but rather concentrate on ones initial feelings. It is not necessary to share this impressions with clients, but the store the impressions until a later date Second Principle The counselor/analyst should act as a researcher by using the following systematic approach: - one must ask about the materials used in the picture. Is it cheap or expensive? Is the paper of good quality? give consideration to the size of the paper used by the client, especially in its relationship to the size of the drawing. If the relationship is off balanced, it could indicate a psychic disturbance in the patient, and counselor needs to wonder what this lack of relatedness means. Give consideration to its color, shape, direction of movement, placement, number of repeated objects, and missing items Break the picture down into its components, and only then decide the appropriate elements to focus. Third Principle (the most difficult principle to follow) synthesize what has been learned from individual components and assemble the information into a whole. POINTS TO LOOK AT IN A PICTURE What is odd Look for barriers, block or object that represent a barrier Observe what is absent or missing What is central Size Shape distortion Repeated Objects Consistency of Perspective Shading (shading used a lot of energy, and it might represent fixation or anxiety about the object being drawn) Look for edging Compare to the surrounding world Drawing which is out of season Encapsulation (setting oneself apart from others) Extension Back of drawing (an indication of conflict) Note erasures (areas of drawing that has been rub off) Words in drawing Line across the top of a page Transparency Abstract Filled in versus empty Trees and age Drawing the work situation within a family drawing Five-year old drawing to present-day drawing Laying pictures over each other Translating colors Q & A