Rocks, Rocks and

More Rocks!
Igneous FIRE ROCKS
(for now)
 Extrusive Igneous Rocks
Notes: Extrusive Igneous Rocks

form when lava erupts from a volcano

or bubbles up from tectonic plates
moving apart - onto Earths surface.

Ex: Basalt the most common

extrusive rock on Earth; forms most
of Earths ocean floor.
Ex: Obsidian black volcanic glass
 Earth's Most Abundant Igneous Rocks
Bedrock: Basalt

Basalt forms more of

Earth's surface than
any other rock type.
Most areas in ocean
basins are basalt.

May be on land from

lava flows, too.
Igneous Rock - Obsidian
Obsidian was
used to make
knives, arrow
heads, spear
points,
scrapers and
many other
weapons and
tools
 How igneous rocks form

Extrusive
When a
volcano
erupts or Intrusive
when magma when
bubbles to the magma
surface cools
slowly
inside
earth
 Intrusive Igneous Rocks
Notes:
forms when magma hardens
beneath Earths surface (INSIDE).

Ex: Granite the most abundant

intrusive rock on Earths continents.
Forms the core of many mountain
ranges.
Ex: Porphyry- looks like jello w/fruit
inside it
 Intrusive Igneous
Rocks
Granite
is used to make many
objects

Granite is also well-known

from its many world-
famous natural
exposures.

These include: Stone

Mountain, GA; Mount
Rushmore, SD
Intrusive Igneous Rock

Porphyry
 Igneous Rocks
Notes:Texture fine grained
Rapidly cooling lava forms a fine-
grained rock with small crystals.

Ex: Basalt - crystals too small to be

seen without a microscope.

Ex: Obsidian smooth, shiny texture

like thick glass & cooled without
forming crystals Volcanic Glass
 Igneous Rocks
Obsidian

Obsidian on the side of a

volcano
 Igneous Rocks
Notes: Texture: coarse-grained

Slowly cooling magma forms coarse-

grained rock with large crystals

Ex: granite and porphyry

 Igneous Rocks
Mineral Composition
Notes:

When magma is high in silica light-

colored rocks form - like granite.

When lava is low in silica dark-

colored rocks form - like basalt
High Silica vs. Low Silica
 Uses of Igneous Rock
Notes:

Granite Statues, Bridges and old

public buildings, Paving streets with
cobblestone, floors, kitchen
countertops (thin polished sheets of
Granite)
 Uses of Igneous Rock
Basalt - Gravel for construction

Obsidian - Sharp tools for cutting

and scraping (Native Am!), Starting
vegetable gardens (fertilizer) its
called Perlite, which is formed from
heating Obsidian
 Pumice is cool! It can float!

Pumice used for cleaning and

polishing
 Uses of Igneous Rock
Statues, Public Buildings - Granite
 Uses of Igneous Rocks

Cobblestonestreets, kitchen
countertops Granite
 Questions
What processes form Igneous Rocks?
How are the 2 types of Igneous Rock
different?
How can we use Igneous Rocks? How
have they been used in the past?
Can you describe the most common
Intrusive Ign. Rock? Where is it
commonly found?
Can you describe the most abundant
Extrusive Ign. Rock? What area on
Earth is mostly made of this type?
 Project reminder
Please make sure you are working on your
Igneous Rock Paper and Illustration.
Directions are on my webpage. Make sure
you turn in your copy of the directions
with your project! Thanks!

I will take questions in class everyday until

Tues. because it is due on Wed when you
come in class.