SVMIT BHARUCH

DEPARTMENT OF MECHENICAL ENGINEERING

A PRESENTATION ON
SHEAR FORCE BANDING
Prepared by:-ZP MOMENT
 INDEX
1. Types of beams
2. Types of loads
3. Types of support
4. Shear force Bending Moment
5. Sign conventions.
6. Point of contraflexure
7. Example on Simply supported beam
8. Example on cantilever beam
9. Example on overhanging beam
10. Example on overhanging beam with point of contra
flexure.
 TYPES OF BEAMS
1.Simply supported beam:-
A beam supported freely on the walls or columns at
its both ends is known as simply supported beam.

2.Over hanging beam:-

A Beam is freely supported on two supports. But
its one end or both the ends are projected beyond
the support.
 TYPES OF BEAMS
3.Cantilever Beam:
A Beam Fixed at one end and free at the other end is
known as cantilever Beam.

4.Fixed Beam:-
A beam whose both ends are rigidly fixed is known as
cantilever beam.
 TYPES OF BEAMS
5.Continuous beam:-
A Beam Supported on more then two support is known
as continuous beam.
 TYPE OF LOADS

1. Point load or concentrated load:-

When a load is acting on a relatively small
area it is considered as point load or concentrated
load.
W = Point Load

It is given in N or KN.
 TYPES OF LOADS

2. Uniformly Distributed Load:-

A Load which is spread over a beam in such
a manner that each unit length of beam is loaded
to the same intensity is known as uniformly
distributed load.
W = U.D.L

It is given in N/m or KN/m.

 TYPES OF LOADS

3.Uniformly Varying Load:-

A Load which is spread over a beam in such a
manner that its intensity varies uniformly on
each unit is called uniformly varying load.
When load is zero at one end and increases

uniformly to the other end it is known as

triangular load.
 TYPES OF SUPPORT
1. Simple Support:-
Beam is freely supported on the support.
There is no monolithic construction between the beam
and the support.
Only vertical reaction can devlope at the support.
 TYPES OF SUPPORT
2. Hinge Support:-
Beam is hinged to the support at end

Beam can rotate about the hinge

Vertical reaction (V) and horizontal reaction (H)

can developed at the support.
 TYPES OF SUPPORT
3. Fixed Support :-
End of beam is rigidly fixed or built in wall. Beam
can not rotate at the end.
Vertical reaction (V), Horizontal Reaction (H),

Moment (M) can devlope at support.

 TYPES OF SUPPORT
4. Roller Support :-
Beam is hinged to the support at the end roller are
provided below the support.
End of beam can move on rollers. Only vertical

reaction (V) normal to the plane of roller can devlope.

 SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING
MOMENT
Shear Force:-
It is the algebraic sum of the vertical forces acting to
the left or right of a cut section along the span of the
beam
Unit of S.F is N or kN

Bending Moment:-
It is the algebraic sum of the moment of the forces to
the left or to the right of the section taken about the
section
Unit of B.M is N.m or kN.m
 SIGN CONVENTION

The Shear Force is positive if it tends to rotate the

beam section clockwise with respect to a point inside
the beam section.

The Bending Moment is positive if it tends to bend

the beam section concave facing upward. (Or if it
tends to put the top of the beam into compression and
the bottom of the beam into tension.)
 POINT OF CONTRAFLEXURE
In B.M diagram, The point at which B.M change
its sign from positive to negative or negative to positive
is called point of contraflexure.

It is a point where the beam tends to bend in

opposite direction. It is the point at which curvature of
beam changes.
EXAMPLE ON SIMPLY SUPPORTED
BEAM
Problem 1 :-
Calculate the value and draw a bending moment
and shear force diagram for following beam
shown in fig.
SOLUTION PROBLEM 1

Solution:-

The beam has two unknown

reaction Ay and By.
Ay + By = 90 (1)
Taking moment from Ay

By10 = (20 42)+(10 8)

By = 240/10

By = 24kN Ay = 90-24 = 66kN

 S.F Calculation B.M Calculation

FA left = 0 MA = 0
FA Right = 66kN MC = (6640) (2042)
FC = 66-(204) = -14kN = (264-160)
FD left= -14kN = 104kN.m
FD Right=(-14)-10=-24kN MD =(66 8)-(20 4 6)
FB Left = -24 kN =(528-140)
FB Right= -24 + 24 = 0kN =48kN.m
MB = 0kN.m
 EXAMPLE ON CANTILEVER BEAM

Problem 2 :-

Calculate the value and draw a bending moment

and shear force diagram for following cantilever
beam shown in fig.
SOLUTION PROBLEM 2

The support reaction

for given beam can be
easily determined by
following method.

Dy = (42 1/2) + (2
4)
Dy =10 kN
 S.F Calculation B.M Calculation

FA Left = 0kN MA = 0
FA Right= -2 kN MB = -2 1 = -2kN.m
FB = -2-0 = -2kN MC = (-2 3) (4 2 1)
FC = -2-8 = -10 = -14kN.m
FD = -10 MD = -14-10 = -24kN
 EXAMPLE ON OVERHANGING BEAM
Problem 3 :-

Calculate the value and draw a bending moment and

shear force diagram for following Overhanging beam
shown in fig.
SOLUTION PROBLEM 3

Applying equation of
static equilibrium.

Ay - By = 45kN

Taking Moment Of A
By6 =(2510)+(5 4 4)
By = (250+80)/6
= 55kN
Ay = -10Kn
 S.F Calculation B.M Calculation

FA Left = 0kN MA = 0kN.m

FA Right = -10kN MC =(-102) =-20kN.m
FC = -10kN MB = -60-40= -100kN.m
FB Left = -10-35 = 25kN MD = 0kN.m
FD Right = 25kN
FD Right = 25-25 = 0kN
EXAMPLE ON OVERHANGING BEAM
WITH POINT OF CONTRAFLEXURE
Problem 4 :-

Calculate the value and draw a bending moment

and shear force diagram for following beam
shown in fig also find the point of contraflexure.
SOLUTION PROBLEM 4
The support reaction
can be find as following

Ay+Cy=(104)+20
=60kN

Taking moment from A

Cy8=(1042)+(20 10)
Cy=280/8=35kN
Ay=60-35 = 25kN
 S.F Calculation B.M Calculation

FA left=0
MA = 0
FA right=25kN
MB=(254)-(10 4 2)=
FB=25-(10 4)= -15 kN
=20kN.m
FC left= -15 kN
FC right=25-5=20kN MC=(25 8)-(10 4 6)
FD left=20kN = -40kN.m
FD right=20-20=0kN

Point of contra-flexure can be determined as writing the equation

for BM and put part BC=0
Mx = 25x 10*4(x-2) = 5.33 so
X = 5.33 from A
 REFERENCE
Mechanics of solids (Atul Prakashan)
http://civilengineer.webinfolist.com

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