Introduction to

Quality Control I
 Quality Control Analytical Chemistry

Tool that gives the concerned with the

assurance that chemical
products conform to characterization of
standards and matter
specifications
answer to two important
through a system of questions: what is it
(QUALITATIVE) and
inspection, analysis
how much is it
and action. (QUANTITATIVE)
Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Analysis

deals with the deals with the determination

identification of of how much of one or more
elements, ions or constituents is present
compounds present in a a history of the sample
sample composition will often be
known or performed a
performed by selective qualitative test prior to the
chemical reactions or performing the more
with the use of difficult quantitative analysis
instrumentation

Analytical Chemistry
 amount of analyte present in a known
amount of sample
relative amount of analyte per unit
volume or unit mass of sample
applicable to liquid samples, gas-phase
samples and solid-phase samples

Concentration
Amount of Analyte Amount of Sample Concentration Unit
mole liter Molarity
(M)
equivalent liter Normality
(N)
weight weight Percent
(%)
(weight/weight basis)

volume volume Percent

(%)
(volume/volume basis)

weight volume Percent

(g) (mL) (%)
(weight/volume basis)

Concentration Units
Amount of Analyte Amount of Sample Concentration Unit
weight weight Parts per million
(ppm)
(weight/weight basis)

volume volume Parts per million

(ppm)
(volume/volume basis)

weight volume Parts per million

(mg) (L) (ppm)
(weight/volume basis)
amount of substance that reacts exactly Titer
with 1-mL of standard solution
used for equivalent weight calculations

Concentration Units
 Exercise 1

the number of digits List the proper number of

significant figures in the
necessary to express following numbers and indicate
the results of a which zeroes are significant.
measurement 0.216
consistent with the 90.7
measured precision
800.0
0.0670

Significant Figures
 Exercise 2
If the digit following the last Round off the following
significant figure is greater measurements to two (2)
than 5, the number is rounded significant figures.
up to the next higher digit.
9.47
If it is less than 5, the number
9.43
is rounded to the present value
of the last significant figure. 8.65
If the last digit is a 5, the 8.75
number is rounded off to the
nearest even digit. 8.55

Rounding Off
1. A solution is prepared by dissolving 1.26-g
AgNO3 in a 250-mL volumetric flask and
diluting to volume.
a. Calculate the normality of the silver
nitrate solution.
b. How many milliequivalents AgNO3 were
dissolved?
Molar masses :
Ag = 107.870 N = 14.0067 O = 15.9994

Assignment No. 1
2. How many grams Na2SO4 should be weighed
out to prepare 500-mL of a 0.100-M
solution?
Molar masses :
Na = 22.9898 S = 32.066 O = 15.9994

3. A 1.267-g sample of limestone was analyzed

and found to contain 0.3684-g of iron. What
is the concentration of iron in the sample?
Molar mass : Fe = 55.845

Assignment No. 1
 Answers:
4. If each mL of
1. a 0.0297-N AgNO3
0.500-N H2SO4 is
1. b 7.42 meq AgNO3
equivalent to
2. 7.10-g Na2SO4
17.5-mg of
3. 29.08% Fe
methenamine,
4. 35.0 mg/meq
what is the methenamine
equivalent weight
of methenamine ?

Assignment No. 1