NCACM - Weekly Presentation

Sundaresan Subramanian

Monday, October 27th, 2003

1 NCACM
 DEVELOPMENT OF ADVANCED
HIGH TEMPERATURE HEAT EXCHANGER

For High Temperature Nuclear

reactors in hydrogen production

2 NCACM
 OUTLINE
Introduction
Heat exchangers
Coolant technology
Current work
Future work
Questions

3 NCACM
 Hydrogen Production
Electrolysis
Sulphur-Iodine Thermochemical Cycle

***Both methods are high temperature

methods

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 Very high temperature reactor

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 Importance of Intermediate Heat
Exchanger
Thermo chemical production of hydrogen
can be done using different methods
whose operating conditions are at high
temperature
For the safety of nuclear reactor IHX is
needed

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 Types of heat exchangers
Flat Plate
Baffled Type
Tube type
Strip Fin type

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 Basic Heat Exchangers
Shell-Tube type

Plate Type

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 Need for a good Investigation
The operating temperatures being so high
means careful design selection
All thermal hydraulics should be
considered
From the different classifications of heat
exchangers, the most suitable one should
be selected
Turbulence should be dealt with properly

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 Coolant Selection

Helium Gas
Molten Salt (ex:Various fluoride based
salts)

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 Factors affecting coolant selection
Low Melting point
High Boiling Point
Corrosion
Radiation stability
Thermal Stability
High heat transport and transfer
coefficient

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 Key Issues of IHX design
Compact design
High Temperature material
850++ degree Celsius operating conditions
High Thermo mechanical resistance
High thermal efficiency
Low pressure drop
Leak tightness
Fouling

12 NCACM
 Bayonet element heat exchanger

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 Design Sequence of Shell-Tube
Heat Exchanger
Geometric Designing
Checking
Thermo Hydraulic Calculation
Mechanical calculation
Optimization
Simulation

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 Thermo Hydraulic Calculation
Amount of heat to be exchanged in
apparatus
Tube side pressure drop
Shell side pressure drop

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 Data needed for a good design
Space limitation of operation
Mass flow rate
Fluid Temperatures
Fluid operating pressures
Allowed pressure drops
Fluid type

16 NCACM
 Process Intensification

This is done in order to increase the heat

transfer rate.
This is done to increase turbulence by
separating the flow of fluid
Turbulence in turn increase heat transfer
rate
Increases surface area

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 Process intensification devices or
methods
Roughening up the internal surface of
tube
Inserting coils
Inserting fins
Inserting plates
Inserting Louvers

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 Process intensification in a
Bayonet HX

19 NCACM
 Present Heat Exchangers
Concepts
Different concepts from several manufactures can be
considered
U-Tube, Plate HX, Helical tubes and printed circuit heat
exchanger
Heatric, Ingersoll Rand
Helical tube concept was developed and tested in GER
PCHE concept is also tested at some univs and labs

20 NCACM
 Printed Circuit heat
exchanger

Modular construction
Plates are chemically etched
for flow channels
Plates are stacked and
assembled by diffusion
bonding
Blocks ,headers and nozzles
are assembled by welding
High Thermal effectiveness

21 NCACM
 Future work
To do the energy balance (system analysis)
Analyze a proper candidate concept
Perform the basic design
Calculate the various thermal hydraulics
Numerical modeling
CFD modeling
Design optimization

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 Potential Software candidates
CFX
Fluent
Femlab
Gambit
Ansys
Fidap
Star CD

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 Acknowledgments
Dr. Yitung Chen
Dr. Anthony E. Hechanova
Dr. Sean Hsieh

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 REFERENCES
UNLV workshop on HTHX
HTHX project kick off meeting
Generation IV nuclear technology
Journals from applied thermal engineering

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 Thank you
Questions??

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