INTRODUCTION TO

PHARMACOLOGY AND
THERAPY
Dina Tri Amalia; Dwi Indria Anggraini
Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapy
Faculty of Medicine Lampung University
Definition
s Pharmacogenet
ic
Pharmacolog Pharmacotherapeuti
c
y Pharmacoeconomic
Pharmacokinetic

Pharmacodynami
Clinical
c
Pharmacolog
Pharmacy
y
Pharmacogno
sy
Pharmacolo
gy
The knowledge of :
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacy :
The scientific study about preparing,
compounding and dispensing of drugs

Pharmacognosy :
The branch of pharmacology that study
about sources of drugs (ex: plants, animals,
minerals)
Clinical Pharmacology:
The scientific study of drugs in man
Pharmacotherpeutics

The study of the drugs use in the

prevention & treatment of disease

Some mechanism of actions of drugs :

Stimulate / depress biochemical or
physiological functions relief of symptoms

Alter the course of disease

Eliminate the pathogenic cells / organisms
Pharmacogenet
ics
Study relationship of genetics factors to
variations in drug response (Brody, 1998)

Concerned with drugs responses that are

governed by heredity (Laurence & Bennet,
1987)

Inherited causal factors are :

Biochemical genes govern the production
enzymes
Anatomical mydriatics induced glaucoma in
patients with a shallow anterior eye chamber
Toxicology
Aspect of pharmacology that deals with AEs
of drugs

Concerned with
- drugs used in therapy
- chemical household and industrial
intoxication
So what is
drug?
Chemical agent that effect the living process

Any substance used to modify physiological

system OR pathological condition for the
benefit of the recipient
Drugs
Essential drugs
meet the health of the majority of
population

Generic drugs
marketed by any producers under non-
proprietary (=INN) / branded names
exp: paracetamol

Patent drugs (branded drug)

pharmaceutical products marketed under
branded names
Drugs in the market:
classification
a. on-ethical drugs sold without R/
Unlimited drugs (B-class) = OTC drugs
Without cautionary labeling

Limited drugs (W-class) = semi OTC drugs

With cautionary labeling
Pharmacy/licenced drug store

b. Ethical drugs sold with R/ K

Potent drugs (G-class)
Narcotics drugs (O-class)
Menurut Permenkes RI No.
949/Menkes/Per/VI/2000
Penandaan
1. Obat bebas
2. Obat bebas terbatas
3. Obat keras
4. Obat wajib apotek
5. Obat narkotika K
6. Obat psikotropika
 Permenkes RI No.
949/Menkes/Per/VI/2000
Obat Bebas Obat yang Minyak kayu
dapat dijual putih, OBH,
bebas kepada OBP,
umum tanpa Paracetamol,
resep dokter Vit. C, B
Komplex, dll.
Obat Bebas Obat bebas Antihistamin,
Terbatas (W : yang pada klorokuin, kalii
waarschuwing) penjualannya kloras,

Obat Keras
disertai tanda
peringatan.
Obat berbahaya
suppositoria,
dll.
Adrenalin,
K
(G : Gevaarlijk) jika antibiotika,
pemakaiannya
tidak
berdasarkan
antihistamin,
dll. K
resep dokter.
OWA Obat keras Linestrenol,
 Permenkes RI No.
949/Menkes/Per/VI/2000
Narkotika Zat atau obat yang Tanm.
berasal dari tanaman Papaver
atau bukan, sintetis somniferum,
atau semisintetis yang kokain, ganja,
dapat menyebabkan heroin,
penurunan atau morfin,
perubahan kesadaran, opium,
hilangnya rasa, kodein, dll.
mengurangi sampai

K
menghilangkan rasa
nyeri.
Psikotropika Zat atau obat baik Lisergida,
alamiah maupun psilosibina,
sintetis bukan narkotika amfetamin,
yang berkhasiat diazepam,
psikoaktif melalui fenobarbital,
pengaruh selektif pada klordiazepoks
Thank You.....