Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
ACID BASE
BRNSTED-LOWRY DEFINITION:
pH = -log10[H+]
Example 1:
What is the pH if [H+] = 5.6x10-4 mol dm-3?
A: pH = -log10[H+]
pH = -log10[5.6x10-4]
pH = 3.25 molesperliter, of
hydrogenions.
pH =
-log [H+]
10
Question 1:
What is the pH if [H+] = 2.4x10-4 moldm-3 ?
Question 2:
What is the pH of HCl with a concentration of 0.01
moldm-3 ?
DEMONSTRATE AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE BRNSTED
LOWRY THEORY OF ACID-BASE BEHAVIOUR, AND USE IT TO
IDENTIFY CONJUGATE ACID-BASE PAIRS
Unlogging the
pH using;
10-pH
Monoprotic acid; Diprotic acid;
Q: Calculate the Q: Calculate the
concentration of HBr concentration of
with pH of 2.0. H2SO4 with pH of
1.5.
STRONG BASE
Strong base is one which is fully
ionised in solution.
Kw=[H+][OH-]
Another way of doing
this calculation.
Weak acids are mostly organic acids i.e. ethanoic and methanoic acid and some
inorganic like HF (hydrohalic acid).
So why are they known as weak acids? compare the electronegativity and bond
strength.
Ka=
Acidity constant
or dissociation
constant and this
[H+][F-]
[HF] pKa= -log Ka 10
specific name is
given because of
the acidic
solution.
CALCULATING THE PH OF A WEAK ACID ON DATA FOR
CONC. AND KA AND DISCUSS THE ASSUMPTIONS
MADE IN THIS CALCULATION.
It is not easy to determine the concentration of hydrogen ions from the chemical equation.
So you have to follow the steps listed below to workout the concentration to get the pH:
1. Make an IE concentration table to find the concentration of the acid.
2. Convert concentration to pH.
CH3COOH CH3COO- +
H+
INTRODUCTION TO TITRATION
Used to find the concentration of a substance and pH of a
substance.
The unknown solution is titrated against a standard solution.
An indicator is used to determine the end point.
TITRATION CURVES
Plotting data attained during a titration,
titrant volume on the x-axis and pH on
the y-axis.
End point = mid way between 2 colours of indicator (a
property of the indicator).
Equivalence point = when the stoichiometric amounts of
acid and alkali have been added.
Equivalence point is NOT ALWAYS 7.
TO DRAW A TITRATION CURVE
1. In the reaction:
HA + OH- H2O + A-