Sei sulla pagina 1di 14

12PDHPE HSC COURSE

Core 2
Factors affecting
Performance
Focus Question 2
How can psychology affect performance?
Psychology and sports performance

OLD FOCUS.
Psychology and sports performance
Motivation
Motivation is an internal state that activates, directs and
sustains behaviour towards achieving a particular goal.

This ideal can energise an individual and direct goal orientated


behaviour.

A high level of motivation within an individual directly impacts


their sense of responsibility in terms of improving
performance.

Without motivation, athletes:


May not want to train at full intensity
May not attend all training sessions
Not perform at highest capability.

For example: swimmers train before/after. School 5-6 days a


week. Doing lap after lap looking at the line.
Motivation
Positive Motivation
Positive motivation occurs when an individuals
performance is driven by previous reinforcing behaviours.

It occurs when the athlete performs because they have


received rewards for similar actions in the past and realise that
continuing to perform as required results in additional rewards.
Athlete pursues success.
For example, crowd appreciation vs trophies.
Motivation
Negative Motivation
Negative motivation is characterised by an improvement in
performance out of fear of the consequences of not
performing to expectations

Inspiring an athlete to perform well because they expect to be


punished if they fail may work on occasions, but has serious
shortfalls. Indecision, lack of creativity, fear of risk taking and
susceptibility to choking; are some performance inhibiting
behaviours that might surface. General long term effect can
be the destruction of confidence, initiative and self-belief the
reverse of what motivation is supposed to achieve.

For example, Des Hasler


Motivation
Intrinsic motivation
Intrinsic or internal motivation is motivation that comes
from within the individual.

It is a self-propelling force as the the individual may have an


interest in the task, enjoy learning and performing
movements. It is self-sustaining and self-reinforcing because
effort and personal accomplishment becomes its own reward.

Intrinsically motivated people like to become masters/experts


at tasks and not just participants.
For example, just finishing a triathlon is motivating... Even if
no chance of a win!
Motivation
Extrinsic motivation
Extrinsic or external motivation occurs when the individuals
internal state is modified by sources originating from outside the
person.
Often associated with material reinforcement money, trophy
People coaches pep talk, parental praise
Recognition school sportsman/women award

Extrinsic motivation focuses on product or what can be gained,


compared to intrinsic motivation that focuses on process and
development of competence.

Effort and the desire for achievement are related to the expectation
of an outside reward or fear of punishment from an outside source.
Furthermore, external motivation can be manipulated by those
responsible for its making. For example, bribes.

Example: Folau vs SBW


Motivation
The responsibility for motivation needs to be shared between
the athlete and their coaches/parents/peers, sustained
motivation relies much more on internal factors than on
external forces.

Athletes who seek motivation from satisfaction with quality


performances are likely to stay motivated longer than those
who rely on external rewards.

A noticeable characteristic of high achievers is that they seek


to match their physical and technical skill against others of
similar ability, whereas lower achievers often select
competitions in which they know they will be successful.

For example, Anthony Mundine selecting opponents


44 wins, 5 losses
ANXIETY AND
YES WE ARE AROUSAL
GOING TO THE
WORLD CUP!!

Mark Schwarzer:
What was the
The Hero
key to his
memorable
Made two
performance?
memorable saves
in the
penalty shootout
INSIDE THE #1 MIND
1) It is important to keep the crowd out of your mindset,
particularly being goalkeeper having the crowd right behind
you, abusing you, trying to distract you, so it is important to
zone them out and use selective hearing. The keeper has to
have the skill to not care about what they say and stay
focused on the game. Not the crowd.
2) The mental process - I analyse the players approach to
taking the penalty. Watching carefully how they position
themselves, their run-up and eye contact to maximise my
opportunities to save the ball. After I pick a side, the decide
either top or bottom
INSIDE THE #1 MIND
1) Take deep breaths and focus solely on the penalties,
keeping all other distraction away. During the shoot out I
remember all the positives Ive had in my career, like top
games in terms of saves, how much hard work I've put in
waking up early and training, always thinking no matter what
happens all friends & family will be proud of my
achievements and at the end of the day opportunities
like this dont come very often. Most importantly you
might think Im weird but I talk to myself both out loud
and in my mind, I keep positive thoughts in my head like I
can do it or Im going to save this to keep me confident
and boost my self-esteem Managing Anxiety
Techniques:
Relaxation
Concentration
Visualisation
Self-Talk

Potrebbero piacerti anche