GSM-GPS Based Tracking System

Guru Nanak Institute of Engineering & Technology

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
INTRODUCTION:
This proposed work is an attempt to design a tracking unit that uses the
global positioning system to determine the precise location of a object, a
person or other assets to which it is attached and using GSM modem this
information can be transmit to remote users. It can provide tele-monitoring
system for inter cities transportation vehicles such as taxis and buses. This
system contains single-board embedded system that is equipped with GSM
and GPS modems along with ARM processor that is installed in the
vehicles. During object motion, its location can be reported by a SMS
message. A software package is developed to read, process , analyze and
store the incoming message. The use of GSM and GPS technologies allows
the systems track objects and provide the most up to date information
about the ongoing trips. If a password like SMS is sent by the owner, it
automatically stops the vehicle or we can use it for different other work, it
can provide real time control. This system finds its application in real time
traffic serveillance. It could be used as a valuable tool for real time traveller.
The current system can be able to provide monitoring process from
anywhere. The purpose of the system is to design and integrate a new
system which is integrated with GPS and GSM to provide following features :
a) location information b) real time tracking using SMS, c) track bus driver
activity, d) communication is instantaneous therefore we can receive
running report quickly. It is completely integrated so that once it s
implemented in all vehicles, then it is easy to track vehicle anytime.
SATELLI
TE
ARM
GPS GSM

POWER
SUPPLY

Fig:Block Diagram Of
HARDWARE DESIGN:
Hardware framework for tracking system, the system contains:

1] GSM module: The core of data communication about this system

lies in wireless communication control terminals that uses GSM Modules
to transfer long-distance data extensively and reliably.

2] GPS module: The hardware interfaces for GPS units are designed to
meet NMEA requirements. The GPS receiver provides data in NMEA
0183format with a 1Hz update rate. Generally message received by
GPS is in NMEA [National Marine Electronics Association] message
format and NMEA protocol which is most commonly used is NMEA0183
protocol.

3]Microcontroller Unit: Microcontroller unit form the heart of tracking

unit, which
acquires and process the position data from the GPS module. The GPS
receiver of object terminal receives and resolves the navigation
message broadcasted by GPS position satellites, computes the
longitude and latitude of object co-ordinates, transforms it into the GSM
message form by GSM communication controller, and sends the
message to
monitoring center via the GSM network.
TABLE- 1 formats of NMEA
Messages
Sentence ID Description
$GPGGA GPS Fix Date
$ GPGSA GPS Dilution of Precision and
active satellites
$GPGSV GPS Satellite in view
$GPRMC Recommended minimum
specific GPS/Transit data
$GPVTG Track made good and ground
speed
$GPMSS Beacon Receiver status
$GPZDA UTC Date/Time and Local time
Zone Offset
A common NMEA Sentence used for location is:
1] $GPRMC,161229.487,A,3723.2475,N,12158.3416,W,0.13,30
9.62,120598, ,*10
2] GPRMC,021709.000,A,3717.6077,N,12658.6237,E,2.14,17.0
3,280907,,,A
3] GPRMC,021710.000,A,3717.6102,N,12658.6233,E,2.31,9.15,
280907,,,A
4] $GPGGA,002153.000,3342.6618,N,11751.3858,W,1,10,1.2,2
7.0,M,-34.2,M,,0000*5E
5] $GPGLL, 3723.2475, N, 12158.3416, W, 161229.487, A,
A*41
6] $GPGSA,A,3,07,02,26,27,09,04,15,,,,,,1.8,1.0,1.5*33
ADVANTAGES:

1. It has low operation cost.

2. It is reliable.

3. Its tracks accurately and gives exact information of the location.

4. Simplicity of design.

5. Easy to implement.

6. Communication is instantaneous therefore we can receive

running reports quickly.

7. Large capability.

8. Its has wide areas range.

REFERENCES:

[1]Stephen Teang Soo Thong, Chua Tien Han and Tharek Abdul Rahman
Intelligent Fleet Management System with Concurrent GPS & GSM Real-
Time Positioning Technology, IEEE ,Wireless Communication Centre
(WCC), universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia in 2007.

[2] Hui Hu, Lian Fang Design and Implementation of Vehicle Monitoring
System Based on GPS/GSM/GIS Third International Symposium on
Intelligent Information Technology Application ,School of Information
Engineering, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China in
2009. Pages 278-279.

[3] Thuong Le-Tien, Vu Phung-The Routing and Tracking System for

Mobile Vehicles in Large Area, Fifth IEEE International Symposium on
Electronic Design, Test & Applications Dept. of Electrical Electronics
Engineering, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam in 2010.
CONCLUSIONS:

Tracking system is becoming increasingly important in large cities and it is

more secured than other systems. It is completely integrated so that once it
is implemented in all vehicles, then it is possible to track anytime from
anywhere. It has real-time capability, emerges in order to strengthen the
relations among people, vehicle and road by putting modern information
technologies together and able to forms a real time accurate, effective
comprehensive transportation system. This system has many advantages
such as large capability, wide areas range, low operation costs, effective,
Strong expandability and Easy to use in vehicle traffic administration.
Upgrading this setup is very easy which makes it open to future a
requirement which also makes it more efficient.