Intelligence Community

and
Classified Information

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 Intelligence and
Information
Information is data
Gathered through a variety of means
Intelligence is the result of
analyzing information
Intelligence can be public (open
source) or classified
Separate from policy

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 US Intelligence
Community
The IC is a federation of executive branch agencies and
organizations that work separately and together to
conduct intelligence activities necessary for the
conduct of foreign relations and the protection of the
national security of the United States. These activities
include:
Collection of information
Production and dissemination of intelligence;
Collection of information concerning, and the conduct of
activities to protect against, intelligence activities directed
against the US, international terrorist and international narcotics
activities, and other hostile activities directed against the US by
foreign powers, organizations, persons, and their agents;
Special activities;
Administrative and support activities within the US and abroad
necessary for the performance of authorized activities; and
Such other intelligence activities as the President may direct
from time to time.
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 Members of the IC
Director of National
Intelligence
Undersecretary of Defense
for Intelligence
Air Force Intelligence
Army Intelligence
Central Intelligence Agency
Coast Guard Intelligence
Defense Intelligence Agency
Department of Energy
Department of Homeland
Security
Department of State
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Department of the Treasury
Drug Enforcement Administration
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Marine Corps Intelligence
National Geospatial-Intelligence
Agency
National Reconnaissance Office
National Security Agency
Navy Intelligence
 Types of Intelligence
Human Intelligence (HUMINT) - primarily
CIA
Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) - primarily
NSA
Imagery Intelligence (IMINT) - primarily
NGA
Military Intelligence and Measurement
and Signature Intelligence (MASINT) -
primarily DIA
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 National Security Agency
NSA founded in 1952

Fort Meade, MD
largest component of the Community in terms of
money and personnel
Headed by uniformed officer and civilian deputy

2 major functions
make codes (INFOSEC)
break codes (SIGINT and COMMINT)

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 CIA
Mission Statement

To provide accurate, comprehensive, and

timely foreign intelligence on national
security topics

To conduct counterintelligence activities,

special activities, and other functions related
to foreign intelligence and national security,
as directed by the President.
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 CIA
Founded in 1947
Successor of the OSS (Office Strategic Services)
Langley, VA

Budget and personnel about the size of the State Dept

$3.4 billion
9,000

Divided into 4 main directorates

a. Directorate of Operations (Plans/Spying)
b. Directorate of Intelligence (Analysis)
c. Directorate of Science and Technology
d. Directorate of Administration
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 FBI
The mission of the FBI is to uphold the law
through the investigation of violations of
federal criminal law; to protect the United
States from foreign intelligence and terrorist
activities; to provide leadership and law
enforcement assistance to federal, state, local,
and international agencies; to perform these
responsibilities in a manner that is responsive
to the needs of the public and is faithful to the
Constitution of the United States.

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 FBI Directorate of
Intelligence
The mission of the Intelligence Program is to
optimally position the FBI to meet current and
emerging national security and criminal threats
by:
Aiming core investigative work proactively against
threats to U.S. interests;
Building and sustaining enterprise-wide intelligence
policies and capabilities; and
Providing useful, appropriate, and timely information and
analysis to the national security, homeland security, and
law enforcement communities.
Primary responsibility for domestic intelligence
Other agencies must go through FBI

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 Classified Information

Intelligence and sensitive information

is protected by classification
Individuals are restricted from
accessing classified information.
Permission is granted only if
The individual has the proper clearance
and
The individual has a need to know

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 Levels of Classification
Unclassified
Confidential
information which would "damage" national
security if disclosed.
Secret
Information which would cause "serious
damage" to national security.
Top Secret
information that would cause "exceptionally
grave damage" to national security if disclosed

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 Additional Categories
Compartmentalized Information
Sensitive Compartmented Information
(SCI) in the IC
Special Access Programs (SAP) in the DoD
Information is further protected, with
extra protections around need-to-know
Information is segregated in SCIF areas
to limit access

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 Security Clearances
Difference IC agencies have their
own policies for granting clearances
Investigations include
NACLC
SSBI
Polygraph
Top secret clearances can take 6
months to over a year

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 Sharing Information
There are lots of complex rules and
laws that make sharing information
and intelligence between agencies
difficult
Case study: FBI

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 FBI Intelligence Cycle
Requirements what they must know to
safeguard the nation
Planning & Direction management of the effort.
Collection gathering of raw data
Processing & Exploitation converting raw data
to usable form.
Analysis & Production converting data into
finished intelligence.
Dissemination distribution of finished
intelligence to the consumer.

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 Barriers to Law Enforcement
Information Sharing

Policies and practices inhibit routine information

exchange
Increasing sophistication of criminal activity
Inadequate safeguards to promote trust and protect

privacy
Lack of coordination of information sharing initiatives
across law enforcement and homeland security
communities
Inadequate technology tools and services

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 Intelligence Sharing
Roadmap to the NIPP

National Criminal Intelligence Sharing Plan (2003)

Intelligence Reform Act (2004)

National Infrastructure Protection Plan (2006)

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 National Criminal
Intelligence Sharing Plan

- National Model for Intelligence Sharing

- A Blueprint to Build or Enhance Intelligence

Gathering Systems

- Secure & Seamless Technology Architecture

- 28 Specific Recommendations

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 Networked Information
Sharing

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 FBI Direct Sharing & Exchange

Share by rule and withhold by exception

A three-level approach
Top Secret-SCI level
Secret level
Unclassified

Share with other law enforcement agencies and share

within the FBI

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 FBI Electronic Sharing
FBI Components of National Information Sharing
Strategy (NISS)

N-Dex: National Data Exchange

Incident & Event Reports
Link Regional & State Systems
Full Capacity in 2008

R-Dex: Regional Data Exchange

Access to FBI Investigative Files
Operation in Five Regions

LEO: Law Enforcement Online

SBU Portal to N-Dex, R-Dex, RISS.Net
Virtual Command Posts
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