MULTI-OBJECTIVE ECONOMIC LOAD

DISPATCH(MELD) FOR MINIMIZING GENERATION

COST AND TRANSMISSION LOSSES USING
PARTICLE BARE BONE OPTIMIZATION
By
PROJECT GUIDE:
C.V. GOPALA KRISHNA RAO sir 2451-13-734-032
MVSR EEE DEPT.
2451-13-734-037
2451-13-734-038
 CONTENTS:

THE PROBLEM STUDIED

SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM
INTRODUCTION TO OPTIMIZATION
FORMULATION OF MELD PROBLEM
IDENTIFICATION OF BEST COMPROMISING SOLUTION
TEST SYSTEMS TO BE CONSIDERED
NON INFERIOR SET AND PERCENTAGE SAVINGS FOR IEEE 5 BUS SYSTEM
VALUES OF COST AND LOSS COEFFICIENTS
MELD AT DIFFERENT LOADING CONDITIONS WILL BE CALCULATED
LITERATURE SURVEY
THE PROBLEM STUDIED
Economic operation is very important for a power system to return a profit
on the capital invested. Rates fixed by regulatory bodies and the importance of
conservation of fuel place pressure on power companies to achieve maximum
possible efficiency.
Operational economics involving power generation and delivery can be
subdivided into two parts
a. One dealing with minimum cost of power production called economic
dispatch and
b. The other dealing with minimum-loss delivery of the generated power to
the loads.
But these two are conflicting in nature.
 SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM
The optimal power system operation is achieved when both the
objectives of power systems that is generation cost and
transmission losses simultaneously attain their minimum values.
The way out therefore lies in the MULTI-OBJECTIVE
OPTIMIZATION approach to problem solving.
This project is to select the best compromising solution based on
equal percentage savings for both the objectives under
consideration.
 INTRODUCTION:
OPTIMIZATION:
Optimization deals with the study of those kinds of problems in which one has
to minimize or maximize one or more objectives that are functions of some real
or integer variables.
Single objective optimization:
In single-objective optimization, it is possible to determine between any given
pair of solutions if one is better than the other. As a result, we usually obtain a
single optimal solution.
Multi objective optimization:
In multi-objective optimization , comparisions are made among the Non-
dominated solutions which leads to a set of alternatives with different trade-offs
among the objectives.
DEFINITION OF NON-DOMINATED SOLUTIONS
Non-Dominated solutions or Non-Inferior solutions are a set of solutions in
which improvement in any objective function value is possible with deterioration of
at least one of the other objectives.

In multi-objective optimization process we can distinguish two tasks namely,

1)Finding a set of non-dominated solutions ,and
2)Choosing the most preferred solution out of this set.
 Some of the multi-objective optimization methods are
Normal Boundary Intersection (NBI)
Modified Normal Boundary Intersection (MNBI)
Successive Pareto Optimization(SPO)
Directed Search Domain(DSD)
NSGA-II
PGEN
Priority Goal Programming(PGP)
Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)
Particle Bare Bone Optimization(PBB)
Modified Particle Swarm Optimization(MPSO)
 Formulation of MELD Problem

The two aspects of MELD Problem considered here are:

1. To minimize generation cost
2. To minimize the system transmission loss.
The objective function to minimize the cost of generation is given as

where

where
ai,bi,ci= fuel cost coefficients of ith generator
Ci = cost of generation for ith generator
Pgi = Active power generation at ith generator
The objective function to minimize the system transmission loss is
given as

where
Bmn, Bom, Boo = Loss coefficients
Pgm, Pgn = Active power at mth and nth generator
:

The multi-objective function (F) to be minimized is formulated as the weighted sum of

the cost of generation and transmission loss.
Mathematically, the problem is to minimize

where

where
WC= priority given to cost of generation
WL=priority given to transmission loss
 CONSTRAINTS TO
OBJECTIVE FUNCTION
Equality constraint

Inequality constraint

The power output of each unit must be greater than or equal to minimum power
permitted and also be less than or equal to maximum power permitted on that
particular unit.
 Identification of best compromising solution:
Best compromising solution is achieved when percentage savings for both
objectives are equal.
Saving in Fc (SFC)= value of Fc when only FL is minimized-value of Fc
when both Fc and FL are minimized simultaneously = Fcmax Fc.
Saving in FL (SFL)=value of FL when only Fc is minimized-value of Fc
when both Fc and FL are minimized simultaneously = FLmax-FL.
Maximum possible savings in generation cost is defined as
MPSC=Fcmax-Fcmin
Maximum possible saving in transmission loss is defined as :
MPSL=FLmax-FLmin
The percentage savings in cost and loss respectively given as
PSC=(SFC/MPSC) X 100 ; PSL=(SFL/MPSL) X 100
TEST SYSTEMS TO BE CONSIDERED IN
OUR PROJECT WORK
1)IEEE-5
2)IEEE-30
3)75 Bus Indian Utility
Standard IEEE 5 bus system
 Percentage savings for IEEE 5 bus
Non inferior set of IEEE 5 bus system system
VALUES OF COST VALUES OF LOSS
COEFFICIENTS COEFFICIENTS
 In our Project work the following works will be done

1. Minimization of Generation cost(Fc) by Particle Bare Bone Optimization

and comparing with Particle Swarm Optimization.
2. Minimization of Transmission loss(FL) by Particle Bare Bone Optimizaton
and comparing with Particle Swarm Optimization.
3. Minimization of both Generation cost(Fc) and Transmission loss(FL) by
Particle Bare Bone Optimization and comparing with Particle Swarm
Optimization
4. Finally a compromised Non-Dominated solution for both Fc and FL
objectives will be obtained.
 Literature Survey

IEEE JOURNAL (DOI 10.1007/s40031-014-0184-y) by Narender

Kumar Jain, Uma Nangia, Aishwary Jain on PSO for Multi-objective
Economic Load Dispatch (MELD) for Minimizing Generation Cost and
Transmission Losses.
W.D. Stevenson, Elements of power system analysis, 2nd edition,
(McGraw Hill Book Co.,New York,1962).
J.Woods, B.F.Wollenberg, Power Generation, operation, and control
(John wiley & Sons, New York, 1996).
THANK YOU