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COMPARISONS for
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FOUNDATIONS: KEY COMPARISONS

Agriculture in the Eastern and Western Hemispheres

Spread of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity
Decline and fall of Han China, Rome, and Gupta India
PERIOD 2: KEY COMPARISONS

Feudalism in Japan and Western Europe

Mongol Rule in Russia and China
Chinese and Europeans in the Indian Ocean
Muslim Spain and feudal Europe
PERIOD 3: KEY COMPARISONS

Reactions of Japan and China to Western influence

Gender roles in Ming China and Western Europe
Western European vs. Asian and Ottoman technology
 PERIOD 4: KEY COMPARISONS

The Industrial Revolution in Japan, Europe, and Russia

Revolutions: American, French, Haitian, Mexican (1910), and Chinese
Imperialism in India and Africa
PERIOD 5: KEY COMPARISONS

Capitalism
Decolonization in Africa and India
Russian and Chinese revolutions
Results of World War I and World War II
FOUNDATIONS to 600 CE
CHANGE IN WESTERN EUROPE

Fall of the Roman Empire

CHANGE IN EASTERN EUROPE

Urbanization and trade in Byzantium

CHANGE IN CENTRAL ASIA

Relationships with settled societies

Trade facilitators
Invasion of classical empires
CHANGE IN SOUTH ASIA

Decline of the Harappan civilization

Aryan society
Hinduism and Buddhism
Caste system
Dynasties
CHANGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

Adaptations of Chinese culture

Hinduism and Buddhism
Urbanization
CHANGE IN EAST ASIA

Technological advances
Development of philosophy
CHANGE IN SOUTHWEST ASIA
(MIDDLE EAST)
Technological advances
City-states to empires
Development of major religions
CHANGE IN NORTH AFRICA

Long-distance trade
Decline of Egyptian civilization
Christianity
CHANGE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Indian Ocean trade

Sub-Saharan trade
CHANGE IN THE AMERICAS

Some trade with Mesoamerica

Technological advances
CHANGE IN OCEANIA

Development of kingdoms
IMPORTANT KEY foundation
s
CONCEPTS
CIVILIZATION

Advanced cities
Complex institutions
Skilled workers
Advanced technology
A system of record keeping
 CLIMATE

The pattern of temperature and precipitation over a period of time

Largely determined by latitude
 MONSOON

A seasonal wind
Guided sailors through the Indian Ocean
 STEPPE

A dry grassland
Example: Steppes of Central Asia
 INDEPENDENT INVENTION

A societys development of technology through its own inventiveness

Example: iron working in Kush
 CULTURAL DIFFUSION

The transmission of ideas and products from one culture to another

Example: the spread of agriculture in Eurasia