WCDMA RAN Interface and

Procedure

1
Course Contents
Chapter 1 UTRAN Network Architecture
Chapter 2 UTRAN Interface Protocol and Functions
Chapter 3 Basic Signaling Process

2
 UMTS System
Architecture
CN

Iu

UTRAN

Uu

UE

UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network

CN Core Network
UE User Equipment

3
 UTRAN System
Architecture
Core Network

Iu Iu

RNS RNS
Iur
RNC RNC

Iub Iub Iub Iub

Node B Node B Node B Node B

4
 Common Protocol Model of
UTRAN Interfaces
The principle of interface protocol architecture is the logical mutual-independence between
layers and planes. Protocol layers of a specified protocol version, or even all layers in a
plane can be modified if required in the future.

5
 Basic Notions
UE Working Mode and State
Serving RNC Drift RNC and
Control RNC
Source RNC and Target RNC

6
 UE Working Modes and
Idle Mode
states
In standby state with no service
conducted
No connection to UTRAN
There is no information related to this
UE in UTRAN
Connected Mode (Cell-DCH, Cell-
FACH, Cell-PCH, URA-PCH)
Cell-DCH
In active state
Communicating via its dedicated channels
UTRAN knows which cell UE is in.

7
 Cell-FACH and Cell-PCH
Cell-FACH
In active state
State
Few data to be transmitted both in uplink and in
downlink. There is no need to allocate dedicated
channel for this UE.
Downlink uses FACH and uplink uses RACH.
UE need to monitor the FACH for its relative
information.
UTRAN knows which cell UE is in.
Cell-PCH
No data to be transmitted or received.
Monitor PICH, to receive its paging.
lower the power consumption of UE.
UTRAN knows which cell UE is in.
UTRAN have to update cell information of UE
when UE roams to another cell

8
 URA-PCH State
URA-PCH
No data to be transmitted or received.
Monitor PICH. to enter the non-consecutive
state.
UTRAN only knows which URA (UTRAN
Registration Area, which consists of multiple
cells) that UE is in.
UTRAN update UE information only after UE
has roamed to other URA.
A better way to lower the resource
occupancy and signaling transmission

9
 UE states
- Reduce action DTX and save power

RRC connection
URA_PCH CELL_PCH

CELL_DCH CELL_FACH

- Dedicated Channel
- Radio bearers Transmission Services - upper layer Signaling
IDLE trigger (CN)
- Monitor paging channel
- cell re-selection

DEAD - Scanning networks (PLMN)

- Camp on cell

10
 SRNC/DRNC
CN
Iu
SRNC Iur DRNC

In WCDMA system notion of SRNC/DRNC is introduced

because the existence of Iur Interface
SRNC and DRNC are related to a specific UE. They can be
regarded as logical notions
In brief, the RNC directly connected to CN and controlling all the
UEs resources is called SRNC(serving RNC) of this UE
The RNC with no connection to CN but only providing resources
for UE is called DRNC(Drift RNC) of this UE
A UE in connection state has at least and only one SRNC, but
can has 0 or multiple DRNCs
11
 CRNC
CN
Iu
CRNC
... Iub

Node B Node B
Cell Cell Cell

CRNC is related to a specific NodeB (or Cell)

The RNC connected directly to a NodeB and controlling the
usage of its resources is called the CRNC of this NodeB
There is and only one Controlling RNC for any NodeB
CRNC is in charge of the allocation and usage of NodeBs
resources

12
 Source RNC/Target RNC
CN CN
Iu Iu
Source Iur Target Serving
RNC
RNC RNC RNC

SRNC Relocation is the process of switching

the SRNC of a specific UE.
Source RNC is the SRNC before SRNC
Relocation and Target RNC is the SRNC
after SRNC Relocation
Source RNC and Target RNC refer to
different RNCs during a SRNC Relocation
13
process
Course Contents
Chapter 1 UTRAN Network Architecture
Chapter 2 UTRAN Interface Protocol and Functions
Chapter 3 Basic Signaling Process

14
UTRAN Interface Protocols and
Functions
Iu Interface
Iur Interface
Iub Interface
Uu Interface

15
Iu Interface System
Structure

16
 Iu-CS Interface Protocol
Stack Structure
Radio Control Plane User Plane
Network
Layer
RANAP Iu UP Protocol
Layer

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer
Q.2630.1

SCCP Q.2150.1

MTP3b MTP3b
SSCF-NNI SSCF-NNI

SSCOP SSCOP

AAL5 AAL5 AAL2

ATM

Physical Layer

17
 Iu-PS Interface Protocol
Stack Structure
Radio Control Plane User Plane
Network
Layer Iu UP Protocol
RANAP Layer

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer
SCCP

M3UA
MTP3-B
GTP-U
SCTP
SSCF-NNI
SSCF-NNI UDP

SSCOP IP IP

AAL5 AAL5

ATM ATM

Physical Layer Physical Layer

18
Iu Interface Functions(1)
Mobility Management
Location Area Report
SRNS Relocation
Hard handover between RNCs and inter-
system handover
Radio Access
Bearer RAB Management
Establishment, Modification and Release of
RAB
Iu data transmission
normal data transmission
abnormal data transmission
Transparent transmission of UE-CN
connection information

19
Iu Interface Functions(2)
Paging
Iu Release
Security Mode Control
Overload Control
Common UE ID IMSI Management
Iu Signaling Trace Management
Iu Interface Abnormality Management
CBS(Cell Broadcast Service) Control

20
 UTRAN Interfaces
Protocols and Functions
Iu Interface
Iur Interface
Iub Interface
Uu Interface

21
 Iur Interface Protocol
Radio
Stack Structure
Control Plane User Plane
Network
Layer RNSAP Iur Data
Stream(s)

Transport Transport Network Transport Network Transport Network

Network User Plane Control Plane User Plane
Layer ALCAP(Q.2630.1)

SCCP STC (Q.2150.1)

MTP3-B M3UA MTP3-B M3UA

SSCF-NNI
SSCF-NNI SCTP SSCF-NNI
SSCF-NNI SCTP
SSCOP IP SSCOP IP
AAL5 AAL5 AAL2

ATM

Physical Layer

22
Iur Interface Functions(1)
Support Basic Mobility Functions
between RNCs
Support SRNC relocation
Cell Update and URA Update between RNCs
Paging between RNCs
Protocol Error Report
Dedicated Channel Functions
Establish, Modify or Release Dedicated
Channels in DRNC during handover
Transmission of DCH TB(Transmission Block)
on Iur
Management of RL(Radio Link) in DRNS by
Dedicated Measurement Procedure and
Filter Control
RL Management Compressed Mode
Management
23
Iur Interface Functions(2)
Common Channel Functions
Establishment, Deletion of Common
transport Channels on Iur
Common Transport Channels are used to
Transmit UE information which is in
Common Channel state in DRNC
Separate MAC-d From MAC-c
Traffic Control Between MAC-d and MAC-c
Global Resource Management
Common Measurement Between RNCs
Transmission of Node B Timing Information
between RNCs

24
UTRAN Interfaces Protocols and
Functions
Iu Interface
Iur Interface
Iub Interface
Uu Interface

25
 Iub Interface Protocol
Stack
Radio Network Transport User Plane
Control Plane Network
Control Plane

Node B

P CH FP
R AC H FP
F A CH FP

D S CH FP
U S CH FP
CP CH FP
Radio

D CH FP
Application Part
Network (NBAP)
Layer

ALCAP

Q.2630.1
Q.2150.2
Transport
SSCF-UNI SSCF-UNI
Layer
SSCOP SSCOP
AAL Type 5 AAL Type 5 AAL Type 2

ATM

Physical Layer

26
Iub Interface Functions(1)
Common Functions
Common Transport Channel
Management
Iub Common Channel Data Transmission
Logical O&M of Node B maintenance
functions such as cell configuration
Management Fault
Management Block Management,
etc.
System Information Management
Common Measurement
Resource Verification
Abnormality Management
Timing and Synchronization
Management
27
Iub Interface Functions(2)
Dedicated Functions
Dedicated Transport Channel
Management
Radio Link(RL) Monitoring
Dedicated Measurement
Management
Timing and Synchronization
Management
Up-link outer loop Power Control
Iub Dedicated Data transmission
Balance on down-link power drifting
Compressed Mode Control
28
UTRAN Interfaces Protocols and
Functions
Iu Interface
Iur Interface
Iub Interface
Uu Interface

29
Uu Interface Protocol
Stack Structure

30
Uu Interface L1 Functions(1)
Multiplexing of transport channels and de-multiplexing of
encoded composite channels
Mapping of encoded composite transport channels on
physical channels
Macro-diversity distribution/combining and soft handover
execution
Error detection on transport channels and indication to
higher layers
FEC encoding/decoding and interleaving/de-interleaving of
transport channels
Rate matching of coded transport channels to physical
channels
Power weighting and combining of physical channels

31
Uu Interface L1 Functions(2)
closed-loop power control
open-loop power control
Modulation and spreading/demodulation and de-spreading
of physical channels
Synchronization between frequency and time (chip, bit, slot,
frame)
Radio characters measurements (FER, SIR, Interference
power) and indication to higher layers
Compressed mode support
Diversity of Transmission/Receiving
Other base band processing functions

32
 MAC: Medium Access
Control
GC Nt DC
AS Control
SAP

RRC(L3) Radio
Control L2 (Access)
SAP's
Bearers
PDCP
BMC

RLC

Logical Channels

MAC
Transport Channels

PHY(L1)
Physical Channels
33
 MAC Functions
mapping between logical channels and transport channels
selection of appropriate Transport Format for each Transport
Channel depending on instantaneous data rate
priority handling between data flows of one UE
priority handling between UEs by dynamic scheduling
identification of UEs on common transport channels
multiplexing/demultiplexing of higher layer PDUs into/from
transport block sets delivered to/from the physical layer on
common and dedicated transport channels
traffic volume monitoring
Dynamic Transport Channel type switching
ciphering for transparent RLC

34
 MAC: Mapping of
Logical Channels(UE)
Cell Signaling
System Signaling and
Higher Layer Paging Broadcast
Info Service User data
data

Logical DCCH
Channels PCCH BCCH CCCH CTCH Decicated
(Data Logical
Dependent) Channel
DTCH
DTCH
CipherOn DTCH

{XOR}

Transport
Channels
(L1 Characteristics
Dependent) PCH BCH FACH RACH DCH

Physical P-CCPCH PRACH DPDCH

Channels S-CCPCH

35
 MAC: Transport Format
Selection(1)
Control immediate bit rate by means of changing traffic per TTI(Transmission
Time Interval, is multiple of 10ms)
Transport Block (TB): The basic unit exchanged between L1 and MAC
Transport Block Size: the number of bits in a Transport Block
Transport Block Set: A set of TBs transmitted in a TTI
Transport Block Set Size: the number of bits in a Transport Block Set

Transport Block Size

Transport Block, TB#1

Transport Block TB#2

Set

TB#n

Transport Block Set Size = Transport Block Size x N

Transport Time Interval, TTI t

36
 MAC: Transport Formation
Selection(2)
Transport Format (TF) defines Transport Block Set (Transport Block Size,
Transport Block Set Size,TTI,FEC type,size of CRC)
Transport Format Set (TFS): Possible TF combinations of a transport
channel. MAC will chose a TF during every TTI
Transport Format Combination (TFC): Determined TF combination in
each TTI, each transport channel
Transport Format Combination Set (TFCS): define all possible TFC
combination method. Thus MAC can process dynamic transport rate
control in different transport channels

TFC
TFS

TF
TFCS

TrCH#1TrCH#2TrCH#3TrCH#4
37
 RLC: Radio Link Control
GC Nt DC
AS Control
SAP

RRC(L3) Radio
Control L2 (Access)
SAP's
Bearers
PDCP
BMC

RLC

Logical
Channels
MAC
Transport
Channels
PHY(L1)
Physical
Channels
38
 RLC Functions
Segmentation, reassembly and
Padding
Transmission of user data
Error correction using different
transport Format
In-sequence delivery of higher layer
PDUs, duplicate detection
Flow control
Sequence number check in
Unacknowledged Mode UM
Protocol error detection and recovery
Ciphering
Suspend/resume function

39
 Convergence Protocol
BMC Broadcast/Multicast
AS Control
Control
SAP
GC Nt DC

RRC(L3) Radio
Control L2 (Access)
SAP's
Bearers
PDCP
BMC

RLC

Logical
Channels
MAC
Transport
Channels
PHY(L1)
Physical
Channels
40
 PDCP Functions
Mapping of network PDU from network
protocol to RLC protocol entity.
header compression and de-
compression in order to reduce the
redundant control information in
higher layer data, thus enhance the
transport efficiency in air interface
buffering and retransmit of higher
layer data

41
 BMC Functions
Storage of cell broadcast message
Monitoring of traffic volume and CBS
(Cell Broadcast Service) radio
resource request
BMC message dispatching
Transport BMC message to UE
Transport BMC message to higher
layer

42
 RRC: Radio
Resource Control
GC Nt DC
AS Control
SAP

RRC(L3) Radio
Control L2 (Access)
SAP's
Bearers
PDCP
BMC

RLC

Logical
Channels
MAC
Transport
Channels
PHY(L1)
Physical
Channel
s
43
 RRC Functions(1)
Management of system information
broadcast
Paging/Notification
RRC connection management
establish reconfig, maintain and
release
Radio Bearer (RB)
Management establish, reconfig and
release , support NAS services
RRC connection mobility management
initial cell selection
Routing of higher layer PDUs
Control of requested QoS and map into
different resources of Access Stratum
Management and control of radio 44
 RRC Functions(2)
Management and control of RB,
transport channel and physical
channel
open loop power control
Support of SRNS relocation
Control of UE measurement and
measurement report
Ciphering control, protection of
integrity
CBS related functions BMC
configuration CBS radio resource
distribute request, support of CBS
non-continuous receiving
45
Course Contents
Chapter 1 UTRAN Network Architecture
Chapter 2 UTRAN Interface Protocol and Functions
Chapter 3 Basic Signaling Process

46
 Basic Signaling
Call
Procedures
overall process
Network start process
UE registration process
Call process, soft handover and hard handover
process
Connection mobility management process

47
 Call overall
Network side Start
1 Initialize equipment
Procedures
Step 1
Handset Power on
1 cell reselection
Step 2
Paging UE
Step 3
RRC connection
2 Process system 2 Location registration Establish
broadcast 3 Waiting for call

Step 6 Step 6
Soft/hard handover RAB/RB modification

Step 6 Step 6 Step 5

Step 4
Physical channel Transport channel RAB set up
reconfiguration reconfiguration 1 synchronous set up NAS signaling
2 asynchronous set up connection establish

Step 6 Step 6
URA update Cell update

Step 8
Step 7
Waiting for call again
RRC connection
Step 6 1 cell selection
release
Handover with GSM 2 wait for call

48
 Basic Signaling Process
Call overall process
Network start process
UE registration process
Call process, soft handover and hard handover
process
Connection mobility management process

49
 System Information
Broadcast Flow
UE Node B RNC CN

1.System Information Update Request

NBAP NBAP

2.System Information Update Response

NBAP . NBAP

3.BCCH:System Information
RRC . RRC

RRC 4.BCCH:System
. Information RRC

RRC 5.BCCH:System Information RRC

50
 Basic Signaling Process
Call overall process
Network start process
UE registration process
Call process, soft handover and hard handover
process
Connection mobility management process

51
 RRC Connection
Establishment Flow(CCH)

UE originate RRC connection setup for registration.

SRNC decides to establish RRC connection on common channel,
and uses pre-configured common channel resources.
52
 NAS Signaling
Establishment Flow

UE changes DT messages with CN, such as Authentication,

connection establishment, location registration, etc.

53
 RRC Connection Release
Flow(CCH)

In registration process, UE does not use dedicated user plane resources.

Instead, it release signaling link directly. Thus registration procedure ends.
54
 Basic Call Processes
Call overall process
Network start process
UE registration process
Call process, soft handover and
hard handover process
Connection mobility management
process

55
 Paging Flow (UE in Idle
State or PCH State)

CN sends paging message and specifies UE and paging area. CN is

responsible for paging message re-send . SRNC sends relevant paging
message according to UE state.

56
 Paging Flow
(connection mode)

CN sends paging message and specifies UE and paging area. CN is

responsible for paging message re-send . SRNC sends relevant paging
message according to UE state.

57
 RRC Connection
Establishment
UE Flow(DCH) NodeB SRNC
RRC: RRC CONNECTION REQUEST

RL SESETUP REQUEST

RL SETUP RESPONSE

ALCAP Establish, synchronization

RRC: RRC CONNECTION SETUP

RRC: RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE

UE send RRC connect request containing UE identify, ability, cause on CCCH. If

the condition is met, SRNC will configure NodeB according to the requirement, and
establish its path to Node B, then send RRC connection setup message on CCCH
channel, and wait for response from UE on DCCH.

58
 NAS Signaling Establish
Flow

UE exchange DT messages with CN, such as authentication,

service request, connection establish, etc.

59
 RAB Establish Flow(DCH-
DCH, synchronous)
UE NodeB SRNC CN
RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ALCAP Establish
RL RECONFIG PRE

RL RECONFIG READY
ALCAP Establish, synchronization

RL RECONFIG COMMIT

RRC RB SETUP
RRC RB SETUP COMPLETE
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE

There are more than one ALCAP establish procedures on Iu Interface,

more than one user plane RABs can be established simultaneously.
After user plane establish, UE enters call connection.
60
 RAB Establish Flow(DCH-
DCH, asynchronous)
UE NodeB SRNC CN
RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ALCAP Establish
RL RECONFIG REQ

RL RECONFIG RESP

ALCAP Establish, synchronization

RRC RB SETUP

RRC RB SETUP COMPLETE

RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE

61
 RAB Establish Flow(RA/FA-
RA/FA)
SRNC
UE NodeB CN
RANAP: RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ALCAP Establish

RRC RB SETUP

RRC RB SETUP COMPLETE

RANAP RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE

62
 RAB Establish
Flow(RA/FA-DCH)
RANAP: RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ALCAP Establish
RL SETUP REQ
RL SETUP RESP

ALCAP Establish, synchronization

RRC RB SETUP

RRC RB SETUP COMPLETE

RANAP RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE

63
 RAB Reconfig Flow
UE NodeB SRNC CN
RAB ASSIGNMENT REQ
ALCAP Establish
RL RECONFIG PREPARE
RL RECONFIG READY

ALCAP Establish, synchronization

RL RECONFIG COMMIT

RB RECONFIG

RB RECONFIG COMPLETE

ALCAP Release
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESP
ALCAP Release

64
 Transport Channel
Reconfig Flow
UE NodeB SRNC
RL RECONFIG PREPARE

RL RECONFIG READY

ALCAP Establish, synchronization

RL RECONFIG COMMIT

TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIG

TRANSPORT CHANNEL RECONFIG COMPLETE

ALCAP Release

65
Physical Channel
Reconfig Flow

66
 Notions Related to Soft
Handover
Soft Handover
Macro diversity is a operation state in
which a User Equipment
simultaneously has radio links with two
or more UTRAN access points. The aim
is to improve quality of the radio
connection or provide seamless
connection.
Active Set is a set of radio links
simultaneously involved in a specific
communication service between an UE
and a UTRAN access point.

67
 Soft Handover Illustration
(Intra RNC)
CN CN CN

SRNC SRNC SRNC

NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB

Before Soft Handover During Soft Handover After Soft Handover

68
 Soft Handover Flow (Intra
UE
RNCNodeadd
B(new)
branch) SRNC

Decision to setup
new RL

NBAP 1. Radio Link Setup Request NBAP

Start RX description

NBAP 2. Radio Link Setup Response NBAP

3 ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup

DCH-FP 4. Downlink Synchronization DCH-FP

DCH-FP 5.Uplink Synchronization DCH-FP

Start RX description

6.DCCH: Active Set Update Command

RRC RRC

RRC 7. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete RRC

69
 Soft Handover Flow (Intra-
UE RNC delete
Node B(old)
branch) SRNC
Decision to delete
a RL

1.DCCH: Active Set Update Command

RRC RRC

RRC 2. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete RRC

NBAP 3. Radio Link Deletion Request NBAP

Stop RX and Tx

NBAP 4. Radio Link Deletion Response NBAP

5 ALCAP Iub Transport Bearer release

70
 Soft Handover Illustration
(Inter-RNC)
CN CN

SRNC RNC SRNC RNC

NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB

Before Soft Handover After Soft Handover

Radio Link(RL) is added and deleted simultaneously

71
 Soft Handover Flow
UE
(Inter-RNC)
Node B
Drift RNS
Node B
Serving RNS
Drift RNC Serving RNC

Decision to setup
new RL and
release old RL
1. Radio Link Setup Request
RNSAP RNSAP
2. Radio Link Setup Request
NBAP NBAP
Start RX description
3. Radio Link Setup Response
NBAP NBAP 4. Radio Link Setup
Response
RNSAP RNSAP

5. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup ALCAP Iur Bearer Setup
6. Downlink Synchronization
DCH-FP
DCH-FP

7. Uplink Synchronization
DCH-FP DCH-FP

Start TX description
8. DCCH: Active Set Update Command
RRC RRC
[Radio Link Addition & Deletion]
9. DCCH : Active Set Update Complete
RRC RRC

10. Radio Link Deletion Request

NBAP NBAP

Stop RX and TX

11. Radio Link Release Response

NBAP NBAP

12. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Release

72
 Hard Handover
Illustration (Intra-RNC)
CN CN

SRNC SRNC

NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB

Before Har Handover 7 After Hard Handover

Radio Link(RL)cannot exist simultaneously

73
 Hard Handover Flow
UE
(Intra-RNC)
Node B Source Node B Target SRNC

Decide to
handover
1. Radio Link Setup Request
NBAP NBAP

Start Rx
2. Radio Link Setup Response
NBAP NBAP
3 ALCAP ub Data Transport Bearer Setup

DCH-FP 4. Downlink Synchronization DCH-FP

DCH-FP 5.Uplink Synchronization DCH-FP

Start Tx
6.DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration
RRC RRC
NBAP 7. Radio Link Failure Indication
NBAP
8. DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete
RRC RRC
9. Radio Link Deletion Request
NBAP NBAP
10. Radio Link Deletion Response
NBAP
NBAP
11. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Release

74
 Hard Handover Illustration
(Inter-RNC)
CN CN

SRNC RNC SRNC RNC

NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB

Before Hard Handover After Hard Handover

Radio Link(RL)cant exist simultaneously

75
 Hard Handover Flow (Inter-
RNC via Iur interface)
UE Node B Node B RNC RNC SRNC
Source Target Source Target
1. Radio Link Setup Request
RNSAP RNSAP
2. Radio Link Setup Request
NBAP NBAP

3. Radio Link Setup Response

NBAP NBAP

4. ALCAP ub Data Transport Bearer Setup

5. RL Setup Response
RNSAP RNSAP

6. ALCAP Iur Data Transport Bearer Setup

7.DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration
RRC RRC

8. Radio Link Failure Indication

NBAP NBAP
9. Radio Link Failure Indication
RNSAP
RNSAP
10. DCCH : Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete
RRC
RRC
11. Radio Link Deletion Request
RNSAP RNSAP

12. Radio Link Deletion Request

NBAP NBAP

13. Radio Link Deletion Response

NBAP NBAP

14. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Release

15. Radio Link Deletion Response

RNSAP RNSAP

16. ALCAP Iur Data Transport Bearer Release

76
 RRC Release
Flow DCH
UE NodeB SRNC CN
IU RELEASE COMMAND
IU RELEASE COMPLETE

ALCAP Release
RRC RRC CONNECTION RELEASE

RRC RRC CONNECTION RELEASE COMPLETE

RL DELETION

RL DELETION RESPONSE
ALCAP Release

Release procedure is usually originated by CN. But if UE is faulty,

SRNC can also request release. Connection to UE is
released first, then the connection to Node B. The release of RRC
is the end of call. 77
 Basic Signaling
Process
Call overall process
Network start process
UE registration process
Call process, soft handover and hard handover
process
Connection mobility management process

78
 Connection mobility
management processes
Cell update process
URA update process
Inter-system handover process

79
 Forward Handover
Forward Handover, including CELL UPDATE and URA UPDATE, is
originated by UE. URA UPDATE procedure is only used for UE
under URA_PCH state to process URA reselection, and to check
if RRC connection is right.
For UE under CELL_FACH and CELL_PCH state
cell reselection needed
In specific SA(Service Area) Timer T305 timed out (this timer is
defined in system broadcast message)
For UE under CELL_PCH and URA_PCH state
transfer data on up link needed (enter CELL_FACH state)
upon receiving paging message on PCCH, originate cell update
CELL UPDATE process can be used to re-establish unrecoverable
errors of RLC entity losing connection , and to monitor RRC
connection state.

80
 Cell Update Flow
DRNC DRNC
UE SRNC
Source Target

1. CCCH: Cell Update

RRC RRC-relay

2. Uplink Signaling Transfer

Indication
RNSAP RNSAP

3. Common Transp. Channel Resources

Initialization Request
RNSAP RNSAP

4. Common Transp. Channel Resources

initialization Response
RNSAP RNSAP

5. ALCAP Iur bearer setup

6. DCCH: Cell Update Confirm

RRC RRC

7. DCCH: RNTI Relocation Complete

RRC RRC

8. Common Transp. Channel Resources Release

RNSAP RNSAP

81
 URA Update Flow
Source Target Serving
UE RNC RNC RNC

1.CCCH: URA Update

RRC RRC-relay
[U-RNTI, URA update cause]

2.Uplink Signaling Transfer Indication

RNSAP RNSAP
[new C-RNTI,D-RNTI, UL message]

3. Decision Not to
perform SRNS
relocation

4. Downlink Signaling Transfer Request

RNSAP RNSAP

RRC 5.CCCH: URA Update Confirm RRC-relay

82
 Hard Handover Flow
UE
UMTS->GSM
Node B
RNC
Serving CN MSC BSC BTS

RANAP 1. Relocation RANAP

Required 2. Prepare
Handover
MAP/E MAP/E
3. Handover
Request
BSSMAP BSSMAP

BSSMAP 4. Handover BSSMAP

Request Ack
5. Prepare Handover
MAP/E Response MAP/E
6. Relocation
Command
RANAP RANAP
7. DCCH : Inter-System Handover Command
RRC RRC
8. Handover
Detect
BSSMAP BSSMAP
9. Handover Complete
RR RR
10. Handover
Complete
BSSMAP BSSMAP
11. Send End Signal
Request
MAP/E MAP/E
12. Iu Release
Command
RANAP RANAP
13. Iu Release
Complete
RANAP RANAP
14. Send End Signal
Response
MAP/E MAP/E

83
 Hard Handover Flow
UE
GSM->UMTS
Node B RNC
Target
CN MSC BSC BTS

1. Handover
BSSMAP Required BSSMAP
2. Prepare
MAP/E Handover MAP/E
3. Relocation
Request
RANAP RANAP
4. Relocation
Request Ack
RANAP RANAP
5. Prepare Handover
Response
MAP/E MAP/E
6. Handover
Command
BSSMAP BSSMAP

7. Handover Command
RR 8. Relocation RR
Detect
RANAP RANAP

9. DCCH : Handover Complete

RRC RRC
10. Relocation
Complete
RANAP RANAP
11. Send End Signal
Request
MAP/E MAP/E
12. Clear
Command
BSSMAP BSSMAP
13. Clear
Complete
BSSMAP
14. Send End Signal BSSMAP
Response
MAP/E MAP/E

84
 Cell Reselection Flow
UMTS->GPRS
UE Serving GPRS
CN
RNC

1. UE releases connection with RNC

2. UE Access GPRS system

3. Inter-system information exchange

data transfer
4. Iu Release Command

RANAP RANAP

4. Iu Release Complete
RANAP RANAP

85
 Cell reselection
Flow GPRS->UMTS
UE Serving CN GPRS
RNC

1. UE Access UMTS system(RNC)

2. Make signaling connection with CN

3. User plane bearers set up

4. Inter-system information exchange

data transfer

86
87