CH4 Emotions &

Moods Editor:
Why Emotions Were Ignored in
OB?
The myth of rationality
Emotions of any kind are disruptive to
organizations.
Original OB focus was solely on the effects of
strong negative emotions that interfered with
individual and organizational efficiency.
What Are Emotions and Moods?

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thatpeople
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 Aspects of Emotions
Biology of Emotions
Originate in brains limbic system
Intensity of Emotions
Personality and Job requirements
Frequency and Duration of Emotions
How often emotions are exhibited
How long emotions are displayed
Functions of Emotions
Critical for rational thinking
Motivate people
 Sources of Emotions and Moods
Personality
Day and Time of the Week
Weather
Illusory correlation
Stress
Social Activities
Sleep
Exercise
Age
Gender
Positive
PositiveMoods
Moods
are
areHighest
Highest
At
Atthe
theEnd
Endof
ofthe
theWeek
Week
In
Inthe
theMiddle
MiddlePart
Partof
ofthe
the
Day
Day(lunch)
(lunch)
Negative
NegativeMoods
Moodsare
are
Highest
Highest
At
Atthe
theBeginning
Beginningof
of
the Week
the Week
And
Andshow
showlittle
little
variation
variationthroughout
throughout
the
theday
day
 Gender and Emotions
Women
Can show greater emotional expression
Experience emotions more intensely
Display emotions more frequently
Are more comfortable in expressing emotions
Are better at reading others emotions
Men
Showing emotions is inconsistent with the male
image
Are less able to read and to identify with
others emotions
Have less need to seek social approval by
showing positive emotions
External Constraints on Emotions

Organizational
Organizational Cultural
Cultural
Influences
Influences Influences
Influences

Individual
Individual
Emotions
Emotions
 Emotional Labor
A situation in which an employee
expresses organizationally desired
emotions during interpersonal
transactions.
Emotional dissonanceInconsistencies
between the emotions we feel and the
emotions we project.
 Felt vs. Displayed Emotions
Felt Emotions
An individuals actual emotions
Displayed Emotions
Emotions that are organizationally required and
considered appropriate in a given job
Surface acting
Deep acting
 Affective Events Theory (AET)
Work events trigger positive and
negative emotional reactions
Personality and mood determine the intensity of the
emotional response.
Emotions can influence a broad range of work
performance and job satisfaction variables.
Implications of the theory ACT
Individual response reflects emotions and mood cycles.
Current and past emotions affect job satisfaction.
Emotional fluctuations create variations in job
satisfaction and performance.
Both negative and positive emotions can distract
workers and reduce job performance.
Affective Events Theory (AET)
 Emotional Intelligence
Self-awareness = Know how you feel
Self-management = Manage your
emotions and impulses
Self-motivation = Can motivate yourself
and persist
Empathy = Sense and understand what
others feel
Social Skills = Can handle the emotions of
others
 OB Applications of Emotions and
Moods
Emotions and Selection
Emotions affect employee effectiveness.
Decision Making
Emotions are an important part of the decision-
making process in organizations.
Creativity
Positive mood increases creativity.
Motivation
Emotional commitment to work and high
motivation are strongly linked.
 OB Applications of Emotions and
Moods
Leadership
Emotions are important to acceptance of
messages from organizational leaders.
Interpersonal Conflict
Conflict in the workplace and individual
emotions are strongly intertwined.
Negotiation
Emotions can impair negotiations.
Customer Services
Emotions affect service quality delivered to
customers which, in turn, affects
customer relationships.
 OB Applications of Emotions and
Moods
Job Attitudes
Can carry over to home
Deviant Workplace Behaviors
Negative emotions lead to employee deviance
(actions that violate norms and threaten
the organization).
How managers Can Influence Moods?
Use humor and give their employees small
token of appreciation for work well done.
Be in good mood
Select positive team members
Summary and Implication for
Manager

Emotions and moods can affect job

performance.
You cant control the employees
emotions and moods.
But managers who understand the
role of emotions and moods will
significantly improve their ability to
explain and predict their
coworkers behavior .