WORK,

ENERGY
and

POWER
Joana Maxine F. Alindogan
 Potential
Energy
Stored energy of position
possessed by an object
An object can store
energy as the result of
its position
 Potential
Energy
Example :
Heavy ball of a
demolition machine.
Drawn bow is able to
store energy as the
result of its position.
 Gravitational
Potential Energy
Energy stored in an
object as the result of its
vertical position or
height.
The result of the
gravitational attraction
of the Earth for the
Gravitational Potential Energy

The gravitational
potential energy of
the massive ball of
a demolition
machine is
dependent on two
variables
- the mass of the
ball
- the height to
Gravitational Potential Energy
Direct relation between gravitational
potential energy and the mass of an object.
Massive objects = Greater GPE
Direct relation between gravitational
potential energy and the height of an
object.
Higher elevation = Greater GPE
Gravitational Potential Energy

PEgrav= mass g
height
PEgrav= m * g h
m - the mass of the object
h - height of the object
g - gravitational field strength (9.8 N/kg on Earth)
*sometimes referred to as the acceleration of gravity.
Elastic Potential
Energy
Elastic potential
energy
- stored in
elastic
materials
Can be stored in
rubber bands,
bungee chords,
trampolines,
springs, an arrow
 Elastic Potential Energy
The amount of elastic
potential energy stored in
such a device is related to the
amount of stretch of the
device
The more stretch, the more
stored energy.
 Elastic Potential Energy
Amount of force is directly
proportional to the amount of
stretch or compression (x); the
constant of proportionality is
known as the spring constant (k).

Fspring= k x
 Elastic Potential Energy
Hookes Law
If a spring is not stretched or compressed =
no elastic potential energy
The spring is said to be at itsequilibrium
position.
In terms of potential energy, the equilibrium
position = zero-potential energy position.
PEspring= 0.5 k x2
where k = spring constant
x = amount of compression
(relative to equilibrium position)

Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion.
An object that has motion -
whether it is vertical or
horizontal motion - has kinetic
energy.
KE = 0.5 m v2
 Check Your Understanding
A cart is loaded with a
brick and pulled at
constant speed along an
inclined plane to the
height of a seat-top. If the
mass of the loaded cart is
3.0 kg and the height of
the seat top is 0.45
meters, then what is the
potential energy of the
loaded cart at the height
of the seat-top?
vCheck Your Understanding

If a force of 14.7 N is used to drag the

loaded cart (from previous question)
along the incline for a distance of 0.90
meters, then how much work is done
on the loaded cart?
 Answers
1. PE = m*g*hPE = (3 kg ) * (9.8 m/s/s) *
(0.45 m)
PE = 13.2 J

2. W = F * d * cos ThetaW = 14.7 N *

0.9 m * cos (0 degrees)
W = 13.2 J
(Note: The angle between F and d is 0 degrees
because the F and d are in the same directionn)
 Source
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/cla
ss/energy/Lesson-1/Potential-Energy