Documenti di Didattica
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USA/UK
Dawn Roberts, Jamie Miller, Rebecca Seymour, Cory Anderson
09/16/08 LIR 554
Presentation Overview
Models of healthcare
Description of US & UK systems
Mechanics of US & UK systems
Strengths and Weaknesses
Models of
Healthcare
Dawn Roberts
Models of Healthcare
1. Beveridge Model
Provided by: Medical providers whose salaries are
paid by Government
Financed by: Federal Government, from income
taxes
Admin. by: Federal Government
Examples: England, Spain, Scandinavia, Cuba,
New Zealand, Hong Kong
Models of Healthcare
2. Bismarck Model
Provided by: Private medical providers
Financed by: Nonprofit insurance companies,
Premiums paid by employees,
employers, government
Admin. by: Government (closely regulated)
Examples: Germany, France, Switzerland,
Belgium, Japan, Latin America
Models of Healthcare
4. Out-of-Pocket Model
Provided by: Private medical providers
Financed by: Patients, directly
Admin. by: No one; Each provider collects
Examples: Rural parts of Africa, India, China,
South America
Models of Healthcare
Jamie Miller
Description of
Systems
US System is notable because:
1. Numerous plans; Not universal
2. Costly
3. For-profit providers, financiers,
and administrators
Description of
Systems
Costs covered by many separate legal entities:
Private Insurance
Private out-of-pocket
Federal government
State/local governments
Other private funds
Description of
Systems
More dollars spent per capita than any nation
15.2% of GDP, with projection of 19.5% by 2017
$2.26 trillion $7,439 per person, in 2007
Description of
Systems
Description of
Systems
UK
National Health
Service (NHS)
Description of
Systems
UK System is notable because:
1. Universal
2. Providers receive salary from
Federal Government
3. Government decides on care
Description of
Systems
Dramatic differences in health care
provision
Life Expectancy
United States: 78
United Kingdom: 78.7
Mortality Rate
Rebecca Seymour
Mechanics of Systems
0
Uninsured
15%
Govt Employer
28% 59%
Private
9%
Mechanics of Systems
Cory Anderson
Strengths and Weaknesses
US Strengths
World-Class facilities and physicians
Relatively short wait-time for treatment
Government directly covers 27.8% of the
population through health care programs for the
elderly, disabled, military service families and
veterans, children, and some of the poor
US Weaknesses
~47 million people without health insurance
High administrative cost
Financial problems for the under- or un-insured
Private plans have exclusions or carve outs
Disparities in access to health treatments
UK Strengths
Universal coverage
Guaranteed treatment regardless of income level
Health care paid through taxes
Little paper work or bureaucracy
UK Weaknesses
Higher tax rate
Underfunding
Long waits for specialists and elective procedures
Lower quality facilities
Exclusions for new or experimental treatment