Solar energy

AMADORON, FELIPE JR. L.

BARTOLABA, ROBENSON M.
Solar Energy

isa radiant light and heat from the sun that is

harnessed using a range ever-evolving
technologies such as solar heating,
photovoltaics, solar thermal energy, solar
architecture, molten salt power plants, and
artificial photosynthesis.
3 Main Uses of Solar Energy

Solar Water Heating Solar Thermal Power Stations

Photovoltaic Panels
Solar Water Heating

Solar water heating(SWH) is the conversion

ofsunlightinto heat forwater heatingusing a
solar thermal collector.
Indirectsystem: heat transfer fluid moves heat
from solar collector to tank
Direct system: heats water directly
Solar Thermal Collector
Solar Flat Panel
Solar Thermal Collector
Two Ways of Direct System

Passive
Passivesystems rely on heat-
driven convection or heat pipes
to circulate the working fluid.
Passive systems cost less and
require low or no maintenance,
but are less efficient.
Overheating and freezing are
major concerns.
Two Ways of Direct System

Active
Activesystems use one or more
pumps to circulate water and/or
heating fluid.This permits a
much wider range of system
configurations.
Solar Thermal Power Stations

Solar thermal power generation systems collect and concentrate

sunlight to produce the high temperature heat needed to
generate electricity.
Concentrated solar power (CSP), also called "concentrated solar
thermal", uses lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a
large area of sunlight into a small beam.
All solar thermal power systems have solar energy collectors with
two main components:reflectors(mirrors) that capture and focus
sunlight onto areceiver.
 Types of Solar Thermal Power
Stations
1. Linear Concentrating System:
. Parabolic Trough
. A parabolic trough collector has a long parabolic-shaped reflector that
focuses the sun's rays on a receiver pipe located at the focus of the
parabola. The collector tilts with the sun to keep sunlight focused on the
receiver as the sun moves from east to west during the day.
 Types of Solar Thermal Power
Stations
1. Linear Concentrating System:
. Linear Fresnel Reflector
. Linear Fresnel reflector (LFR) systems are similar to parabolic trough systems
in that mirrors (reflectors) concentrate sunlight onto a receiver located above
the mirrors.
. use theFresnel lenseffect, which allows for a concentrating
mirror with a large aperture and short focal length.
. capable of concentrating the sun's energy to
approximately 30 times its normal intensity
Linear Concentrating System:
Parabolic Trough
 Solar Power Towers

A solar power tower system uses a large field of flat, sun-tracking

mirrors called heliostats to reflect and concentrate sunlight onto
a receiver on the top of a tower.
Sunlight can be concentrated as much
as 1,500 times.
uses an array of tracking reflectors
(heliostats) to concentrate light on a
central receiver atop a tower.
Some power towers use water as the
heat-transfer fluid.
 Solar Dish/Engine

Solar dish/engine systems use a mirrored dish similar to a very

large satellite dish.
The dish-shaped surface directs and concentrates sunlight onto a
thermal receiver, which absorbs and collects the heat and
transfers it to an engine generator.
The most common type of heat engine used in dish/engine
systems is the Stirling engine it uses the fluid heated by the
receiver to move pistons and create mechanical power. The
mechanical power runs a generator or alternator to produce
electricity.
 Photovoltaic Panels

Solar photovoltaic is an elegant technology

which produces electricity from sunlight without
moving parts.
Photovoltaic panel consists of a group of solar
cells
Solar cells are predominantly made from silicon,
a semiconductor(two types of semiconductors:
one positively charged and one negatively
charge)
Photovoltaic Panels

When light shines on the semiconductor,

the electric field across the junction
between these two layers causes an
electric current
The greater the intensity of light,
the greater the flow of electricity.
 Photovoltaic Panels

Photovoltaic system is a power system designed to supply usable

solar power by means of photovoltaics.
It consists of an arrangement of several
components, including solar panels to
absorb and directly convert sunlight into
electricity, a solar inverter to change
current from DC to AC, as well as mounting,
cabling and other electrical accessories
ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWER

The power source of the sun is absolutely free.

The production of solar energy produces no pollution.
The technological advancements in solar energy
systems have made them extremely cost effective.
Most systems do not require any maintenance during
their lifespan, which means you never have to put
money into them.
Solar cells are long lasting sources of energy which
can be used almost anywhere. Solar cells are also
totally silent
ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR
POWER
Solar energy systems are now designed for particular
needs. For instance, you can convert your outdoor
lighting to solar. The solar cells are directly on the
lights and cant be seen by anyone. At the same time,
you eliminate all costs associated with running your
outdoor lighting.
Solar energy can be used in remote areas where it is
too expensive to extend the electricity power grid.
DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR
POWER
Initial cost
Location
Inefficiency
Reliability
Installation areas
Pollution
Solar Water Heating
Solar Thermal Power Station
Thank You!!