Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Lecturer :
Roski R.I. Legrans, ST, M.Agr
Ir. George Moningka, MT
References :
1. Deformation Analysis In Soft Ground Improvement
2. Ground Control And Improvement
3. Ground Improvement - 3rd Edition
4. Handbook Of Geotechnical Investigation And Design Tables
5. Handbook Of Soil Analysis - Mineralogical, Organic And
Inorganic Methods
6. Principles And Practice Of Ground Improvement
7. Slope Stability And Stabilization Methods - 2nd Edition
8. Soft Ground Improvement
Present Day Scenario
Best buildable lands not available for construction
Available sites are having low strength because :
Filled up sites,
Low lying water logged,
Waste lands,
Creek lands with deep deposits of soft saturated
marine clays
Densification
Consolidation
Weight reduction
Reinforcement
Chemical treatment
Thermal stabilization
Electrotreatment
Biotechnical stabilization
Ground Improvement by Densification
Methods of Application :
Vibrocompaction
Dynamic Compaction
Blasting
Compaction Grouting
Methods of application:
Preloading with or without vertical drains
Electro-osmosis
Vacuum consolidation
Methods of Application:
Placing lightweight materials over the native soil
in one of three ways:
spread in a loose form, then compacted
cut in block forms, then stacked according to a
certain arrangement, or
pumped in a flowable liquid form
Methods of Application:
Permeation grouting
Jet grouting
Deep soil mixing
Lime columns
Fracture grouting
Methods of Application:
Ground freezing
Vitrification
Methods of Application:
Electrokinetic remediation
Electroheating
Electrokineting fencing
Bioelectrokinetic injection
Methods of Application:
Brush layering
Contour wattling
Reed-trench layering
Brush matting
Live staking and others
(a)Ground,
(b)Groundwater
(c)Construction considerations including schedule,
materials, accessibility, right-of- way, equipment and
labor
(d)Environmental concerns,
(e)Durability, maintenance and operational
requirements
(f) Contracting, politics and tradition,
(g)Cost
Problematic Geomaterials