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Vx V y Vz 0
t x y z
Vx
Vx Vy 0 Vy dy
x
x y
Vx and Vy are related
Can you write a common function for both?
IIT-Madras, Momentum Transfer: July 2005-Dec 2005
Stream Function
Assume
Vx
y
Then
V x
2
Vy dy dy
x xy
2
dy
yx x
Instead of two functions, Vx and Vy, we need to solve for only one function
Stream Function
Order of differential eqn increased by one
dx dy dz
Vx Vy Vz
t + t
Vx ime =
y y T
y y Time=t
Vx y x
Vy Vy
x x x
x
Assume Vy|x < Vy|x+x d
ROTATION z
and Vx|y > Vx|y+y dt 2
IIT-Madras, Momentum Transfer: July 2005-Dec 2005
Rotation
To Calculate Rotation
y1
tan = t + t
x Time
y1 Vy x x
t Vy
x
t
y1
arctan
V y x x Vy
x
t
x
Similarly
arctan
Vx y y Vx y t
y
IIT-Madras, Momentum Transfer: July 2005-Dec 2005
Rotation
To Calculate Rotation
d 1
ROTATION z lim
t t t
2 t 0 t
dt 2
arctan
V
y x x
Vy
x
t
arctan
V
x y y
Vx y t
x y
1 1
lim lim
2 t 0 t 2 t 0 t
x 0 x 0
y 0
y 0
For very small time and very small element, x, y
and t are close to zero
arctan
arctan
V
y x x
Vy
x
t V y x x Vy
x
t
x x
arctan
V
y x x
Vy
x
t
V Vy t
y x x x
x x
lim lim
t 0 t t 0 t
x 0 x 0
y 0 y 0
IIT-Madras, Momentum Transfer: July 2005-Dec 2005
Rotation
To Calculate Rotation
lim
V y x x Vy
x
V y
x 0 x x
arctan
V
y x x
Vy
x
t
arctan
V
x y y
Vx y t
x y
1 1
z lim lim
2 x t00 t 2 x t 0
0 t
y 0 y 0
Simplifies to
1 Vy Vx
z
2 x y
1 r
z V
2
IIT-Madras, Momentum Transfer: July 2005-Dec 2005
Rotation in terms of Stream Function
To write rotation in terms of stream functions
Vx Vy
y x
1 Vy Vx 1
2 2
z 2 2
2 x y 2 x y
1
2
2
That is
2 2 z 0
2 0
Vy Vx
0
x y
This equation is similar to continuity equation
Vx and Vy are related
Can we find a common function to relate both Vx and Vy ?
Assume
Then Vy Vx 2 2
Vx
x x y yx xy
Vy
y
If = constant, then d
d dx dy
x y
Vy dx Vx dy
0 Vy
If = constant, then
dy Vy Vx
dx Vx
IIT-Madras, Momentum Transfer: July 2005-Dec 2005