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Success
Analysis
To D/P
Drop
Prospect
Courtesy of ExxonMobil F W Schroeder L 5 Seismic Method
04
The Seismic Method
Energy An Explosion!
Source .4 s Listening Devices
.8 s .2
.1
0
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
0 sss
Some Energy is Reflected
Device Device
#1 #2 For the explosion we just considered
Time
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4 Listening device #1 records a
0.5 reflection starting at 0.4 seconds
0.6
0.7
0.8 Listening device #2 records a
reflection starting at 0.8 seconds
Data Processing
Stream
Field Record
(marine)
Subsurface
Courtesy of ExxonMobil F W Schroeder Image
L 5 Seismic Method
04
Shot Gather
For Shot 1
Source Receivers
Direct Arrival Offset (Distance)
S1
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5
1
Direct Arrival
receivers
There are 5 bounce
points along interface 3
Courtesy of ExxonMobil F W Schroeder L 5 Seismic Method
04
Common Midpoint Gather
For Point A
Sources Receivers
CMP Gather
S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5
CMP Gather
CMP Gather
Velocity
Curves
Too Slow Down
Velocity Flat
Correct
Velocity Curves
Up
Too Fast
Offset Distance
The geologic
signal will be
additive
The random
noise will tend
to cancel
Offset Distance
10 Fold Stacking
Courtesy of ExxonMobil F W Schroeder greatly
L 5 Seismic Method
04
Positioning Problems
Energy
Source
0.2
s
up
0.2
sd
ow
n
0.4 s -
Bounce
Point
The reflection is
The seismic ray hits an displayed beneath the
inclined surface at 90 and source-receiver
reflects back midpoint
Courtesy of ExxonMobil F W Schroeder L 5 Seismic Method
04
Time for an Exercise
1 2 3 4 5 6
90
1 2 3 4 5 6
Compass
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6
Sweep Ellipse
S R
S R
Sweep Ellipse
Positioning
Problems Blur the
Image
Migrated
Migrated Image
Image
Migration Reduces
Positioning
Problems, which
Improves the
Image