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Causes
o Using a steel hammer on the seal housing during
installation.
The seal lip will appear worn on one side and relatively untouched
on the other. Shaft alignment should always be checked before
installing a new seal.
Causes
o Shaft-to-bore-misalignment (STBM) is a condition of
excessive misalignment created by:
o Inaccurate machining,
o Shaft bending,
o Lack of shaft balance or
o Worn bearings
17 Service & Repair 2/12/17
Dynamic Run-Out
Dynamic Run-Out
The seal lip will be severely worn around the entire diameter.
Causes
o A similar condition where the shaft does not rotate
around its true center.
o Is the result of
o A bent,
o Unbalanced or
o Misaligned Shaft
Causes
Look for clues in the sealing member of the seal.
o A small cut
o Nick or
o Abrasives continually laying at lip / shaft interface.
o Wear pattern of the lip
No Chamfer
The beveled edge (chamfer)
on the leading edge of the
bore provides a ramp for
starting the seal straight.
Without it, it is virtually
impossible to get the seal
installed correctly.
Causes
The housing bore may have
o A square corner,
o Not have had a proper lead-in chamfer, or
o The bore diameter and tolerance are incorrect.
20 Service & Repair 2/12/17
Out - of - Round Shaft
Out - of - Round Shaft
Early lip leakage is also a symptom that the shaft is out-
of-round.
An out-of-round shaft
can also cause seal
leakage
Causes
o Inspect the shaft to see if it is out-of-round.
o Flat spots on the shaft can also cause early lip leakage.
Causes
Garter Spring may be:
o Loose
o Out of seal
o Pop out
o Damage the mechanical components
o Missing
22 Service & Repair 2/12/17
Cut Seal Lip
Cut Seal Lip
Ever-so-slight seal leakage is evidence that may be a small
nick or cut in the sealing lip.
Causes
It may have been caused by
o A burr on the keyway,
o Spline or shaft end.
23 Service & Repair 2/12/17
Lube Breakdown
Lube Breakdown
Sludge or varnish-like deposits on the seal lip and / or
shaft are symptoms of lube breakdown.
Sludge deposits
on the seal lip
indicate lube
breakdown
Causes
Sometimes heat is high enough to break down the oil, but
not enough to harden the lip. In this case, sludge
accumulates and is deposited on the seal lip.
Causes
o Operating temperature greater than the lip material
maximum.
o Excessive surface speeds or insufficient lubrication at
the seal lip.
Too much
pressure can
rupture the seal
lip
Causes
o Pressure exceeding seal design limitations can cause
seal rupture, inverted lips and resultant lip leakage.
Causes
Excess pressure can
o Crush the lip against the shaft. Heavy friction will
eventually force the garter spring through the lip.
o Blow the lip completely off.
Causes
o The rubber is experiencing swell and increase in
volume.
o The rubber may dissolve completely.
28 Service & Repair 2/12/17
Leakage
Leakage
Analysis
Analysis
Oil
Contaminants in Oil
Composition of Lubricant