Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
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3 & 4
02/11/17 1
LECTURE OBJECTIVES
To develop an understanding of:
Lathe
Carriage
Machine
Assembly
Tail Stock
Assembly
1.Cutting
2.Facing
3.Drilling
4.Turning
5.Boring
6.Reaming
7.Knurling
8.Finishing
55-46
Thread
Helical ridge of uniform section formed on
inside or outside of cylinder or cone
Used for several purposes
Fasten devices such as screws, bolts, studs,
and nuts
Provide accurate measurement, as in
micrometer
Transmit motion
Increase force
55-47
Thread
Terminology
Pitch
Distance from point on one thread to corresponding point on
next thread, measured parallel to axis
Lead
Distance screw thread advances axially in one revolution.
Depth of thread
Distance between crest and root measured perpendicular to
axis
Angle of thread
Included angle between sides of thread measured in axial plane
Helix angle
Angle that thread makes with plane perpendicular to thread
axis
Milling
Milling is a process of producing flat and complex shapes
with the use of multi-point (or multi-tooth) cutting tool.
Milling is usually an interrupted cutting operation since
the teeth of the milling cutter enter and exit the
workpiece during each revolution.
Two basic types of milling operations:
Down milling, when the cutter rotation is in the same
direction as the motion of the workpiece being fed, and
up milling.
In up milling, the cutting action tends to lift the
workpiece and hence, proper fixture is required in this
operation. , in which the workpiece is moving towards
the cutter, opposing the cutter direction of rotation
02/11/17 Engr. M. Waqar Akram, Engr. Azlan Zahid 50
02/11/17 Engr. M. Waqar Akram, Engr. Azlan Zahid 51
Depending on the orientation and geometry of the
milling tool, several varieties of milling operations
are possible.
1.In peripheral milling (Figure 3.5.5a), also referred
to as plain milling, the axis of the cutter is parallel to
the surface being machined, and the operation is
performed by the cutting edges on the outside
periphery of the tool. The primary motion is the
rotation of the tool. The feed is imparted to the
workpiece.
2.In face milling (Figure 3.5.5b), the tool is
perpendicular to the machined surface. The tool axis is
vertical, and machining is performed by the teeth on
both the end and the periphery of the face-milling tool.