ECOLOGY &

ENVIRONMENT

2/5/17 Source: Confidential 1

 Environment
The physical, chemical and biological presence of
living and non-living things outside an individual
species is called as its environment.
Environment is derived from the French word Environner,
which means to encircle or surround.
3
 ENVIRONMENT

BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENT
(BIOSPHERE)

Biotic environment includes assembly of

plants, animals and microbes
 ABIOTIC

ATMOSPHER LITHOSPHER HYDROSPHE

E E RE
(AIR) (SOIL) (WATER)

Abiotic components are physical factors

and physiochemical substances (light,
heat, wind, moisture, tide, solar energy,
pH, soil, topography minerals etc.)
 What is Environmental Science?

The study of how human beings interact

with their environment

Our environment is everything that surrounds us, both

natural and man-made.
 One planet is gasping
One Planet One Home
for
Seven Billion Reasons to
Save it Fresh air and fresh
water
Shrinking of Forests
Spreading Deserts
Contaminated Soil & Water
Rising levels of Green House Gases
Global warming
Depletion of Ozone Layer

PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT SAVE THE

PLANET EARTH
 Need of the study
Need for information that clarifies modern

environmental concepts. (Need to conserve

biodiversity, to lead more sustainable life styles,

equitable usage of the resources)

Need to change the way in which we view our

own environment, using a practical approach
based on observation and self learning.
Need to create a concern for our environment
that will trigger pro-environmental action.

Imparting Environmental Education on

conservation and sustainable
management of natural resources, and
other global, national and local level
environmental problems.
 This course covers
Introduction to Environment studies,
Natural resources and their uses.
The Ecosystems, concepts of food chain
and food web and types of ecosystem.
Biodiversity, levels, values, threats and
conservation
Types of Environmental pollutions,
causes and control measures .
Global warming, Acid Rains, Ozone layer
Depletion,
Environmental Acts, EIA
 SCOPE
Creates awareness among the people
Provides the knowledge about ecological systems
Provides information and threats on biodiversity at various
levels.
Enables to understand the causes and consequences of
natural disasters and follow up measures.
Enables to evaluate alternative responses to
environmental issues.
Enables environmentally literate citizens (by knowing
the environmental acts, rights, rules, legislations,
etc.)
Exposes the problems of over pollution & role of
science and technology in eliminating /minimizing
the evils from the society.
Identify and develop appropriate and indigenous, eco-
friendly skills and technologies of various
environmental issues.
Need for sustainable utilization of natural resources,
which are inherited from the ancestors.
Enables theoretical knowledge into practice and the
multiple uses of environment.
Environmental Studies
multidisciplinary nature
Multidisciplinary Nature of Environmental
Science
Life Sciences: Biology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Biotechnology etc., to
understanding the biotic components and their interactions and applied as tools
for emerging problems.
Physical Sciences: Physics, Chemistry, Earth Science, Atmospheric science,
Oceanography, geography etc. to understand the basic concepts and abiotic
components of environment.
Civil Engineering: Chemical Engineering, Hydraulics, Nanotechnology etc to
control the pollution and waste water treatment.
Economics, Sociology, Law, Education, management, Mass communication
etc useful for solutions to day to day problems.
Mechanics, statistics, Computer science etc for research, Analysis and effective
management of environment.
 Environmental Summits

5th June, 1972 Stockholm, Environmental Issues

Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human
Environment
1992 (Earth Summit) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil The United
Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)
2002 (World Summit) Johannesberg on Sustainable
Development,

2009, Climate Conference in Copenhagen,

2/5/17 Source: Confidential 15

 Concept of Ecomark

In 1991, Government of
India introduced
Earthen Pitcher as
ECOMARK for eco
friendly products.

2/5/17 Source: Confidential 16

 Important Environmental Days
World Wetlands Day - Feb, 2nd
World Forest Day March, 21
World Water Day March, 22
World Health Day- April, 7
Earth Day April, 22
World Biodiversity Day May 22
World Environment Day - June 5
World Population Day - July 11
International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer - September 16
Green Consumer Day- September 28
Wildlife week-October1-7
World Food Day-October 16
World planting day - October 22
World Aids Day- December 1
2/5/17 Source: Confidential 17
Environmental Institutions in India

Bombay Natural History Society

World Wide Fund for Nature -India

Centre for Science and Environment (CSE)

 Centre for Environment Education (CEE)
Bharati Vidyapeeth Institute of Environment Education
and Research (BVIEER)

Uttarakhand Seva Nidhi (UKSN)

Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History

2/5/17 Deeksha Dave: Confidential 19

 Madras Crocodile Bank Trust (MCBT)

2/5/17 Deeksha Dave: Confidential 20

People in Environment
Rachel Carson

Effect of pesticides on Nature

and Man kind
Book Silent Spring
---led to change in Govt Policy
and Public Awareness
E.O.Wilson.
Entomologist
Biodiversity is a key to Human
Survival
Book Diversity of Life in
1993
Awarded best book on Envt
issues
Dr.Salim ali
Ornithologist
Bird man of India
Worked in BNHS
Wrote several books on Birds
1. Book of Indian Birds
2. Fall of Sparrow
Made several envt. policies
Indira Gandhi
Politician
As PM played significant role
in the preservation of Indias
Wildlife
Protect Area Network grown
from 65 to 298
Indian Wildlife Protection Act
formulated during her period
 S.P.Godrej

Supporter of Wildlife conservation

and Nature Awareness
Received 10 awards for his
conservation activities
Awarded Padma Bhushan in 1999
M.S.Swaminathan

Agricultural Scientist
Father of Indian Green
Revolution
Worked on Conservation of
Biodiversity
Started MS Swaminathan
Research Foundation in
Chennai
Madhav Gadgil

Ecologist
Developing Community
Biodiversity Registers
Conserving Sacred Grooves
Studies on Mammals, Birds &
Insects
Wrote 6 books and Editor for
Lifescapes of peninsular India
M. C. Mehta
Environmental Lawyer
Filed several public interest
litigations
Protecting the Taj mahal
Cleaning the River Ganga
Banning intensive shrimp
farming in coastal areas
Initiating government to
environmental education in
schools & Colleges
Anil Agarwal
Journalist
Wrote a book on State of
Indias Environment -1982
Founder of CSE
Medha Patkar

Narmada Bachavo
Fight against construction of DAMs
on Narmada River to protect the
tribal communities
Sunderlal Bahuguna

Chipko movement
Successful conservation
action programme by
protecting the forest
resources through local
people.
Fight against construction of
TEHRI DAM
 Wangari Maathai

Wangari Maathai founded the Green Belt movement in Kenya in 1977, which has
planted more than 10 million trees to prevent soil erosion and provide firewood
for cooking fires
first woman in central or eastern Africa to hold a Ph.D., first woman head of a
university department in Kenya, first African woman to win the Nobel Prize in
Peace during 2004