COOL BUT SCARY

SPECIAL THEORY
GENERALM THEORY
ALBERT EINSTEIN

GENERAL
THEORY
OF
RELATIVITY

HISTORY
CURVED SPACE GRAVITY
CURVED-TIME
BLACK-HOLES
UNIFIELD-THEORY
PHOTO-FACT ALBUM

HISTORY
In 1915 Einstein developed the general theory of relativity
in which he considered objects accelerated with respect
to one another. He developed this theory to explain
apparent conflicts between the laws of relativity and the
law of gravity. To resolve these conflicts he developed an
entirely new approach to the concept of gravity, based on
the principle OF equivalence. HE APPLICATED HIS
RELATIVITY PRINCILES ON ACCELERATED FRAMES TOO.

According to principle of
relativity, in an isolated system, one cannot make out whether he is
moving or not. But initially it didnt go well for accelerated frames
of reference. So Albert thought that gravity and acceleration
must have the same effects.
We know that moving things
shrink (special relativity). So even spinning things shrink. So a
wheel spinning with high speed shrink. Hence its spokes also get
shorten. But they cannot since they are moving sideways only.
They only get thinner. Albert concluded that the wheel must bend
space so that there is extra room for spokes to bend
The rotational motion of heavenly bodies drag the fabric of space-time. This
phenomenon is called FRAME BRAGGING

Albert said that space is nothing

but a three dimensional elastic-fabric. Gravity is a curvature
formed by object having mass, in fabric of space-time. This meant
that Newton's universal law of gravitation is not so universal.
Albert denied existence of any mutual attractive force between
objects having mass. He was sure that all effects of gravity can be
described by bent, curved, twisted or otherwise mangled space.
He at last concluded that

He also concluded that light and matter

follow shape of space-time.

HOW DARE
HE PROVE
ME WRONG

Albert discovered time as the fourth dimension. He

said that space-time is a single structure. It means,time is a real
physical thing, spread over the whole space. So travelling in space
means

time-travel

The curvature formed in space disrupts the path of

matter or light ray. They have to take the curved path which
elongates their time, meaning

GRAVITY SLOWS TIME DOWN

Since acceleration is proved to have same effects as

gravity, (PRINCIPLE OF RELATIVITY)

ACCELERATION SLOWS TIME DOWN

Black Holes are real mysteries of

the universe. Due to their infinite gravity, they don't just bend
light but pull in completely , so it can never escape. They dont
just slow down time-they stop it. So for a person who approach
black-hole, time would pass very slowly. So when he returns back,
less time would have passed for him.
This way time travel can be done
provided we get a lots of stuff to squash together to make a nice
strong gravity field. But the problem is that time travel cannot be
done in past (since it has many controversies). Since last decade
physicists like STEPHEN HAWKINS have been working over
effects of black and white holes on relativity theory.

Unified Field Theory, a theory that proposes to unify the four known
interactions, or forcesthe strong, electromagnetic, weak, and
gravitational forcesby a simple set of general laws. The attempts to
develop a unified field theory are grounded in the belief that all physical
phenomena should ultimately be explainable by some underlying unity.
Einstein tried unsuccessfully during the last 30 years of his life to
develop a theory that would represent forces and material particles by
fields only, in which particles would be regions of very high field intensity.
The development of quantum theory, which Einstein rejected, and the
discovery of many new particles, however, precluded Einstein's success in
formulating a unifying theory based on relativity and classical physics
alone. American physicist Steven Weinberg and the Pakistani physicist
Abdus Salam. succeeded in unifying the weak interaction and the
electromagnetic interaction. It is called electro-weak force.

Albert
AlbertEinstein
Einstein
German-born
German-bornAmerican
Americanphysicist
physicist
Birth
Birth:March
:March14,
14,1879
1879
Death
Death:April
:April18,
18,1955
1955
Place
Placeof
ofBirth:
Birth:Ulm,
Ulm,Germany
Germany
Known
Knownfor
forProposing
Proposingthe
thetheory
theoryof
ofrelativity,
relativity,aaphysical
physicaltheory
theoryof
ofgravity,
gravity,
space,
space,and
andtime
time
Explaining
Explainingthe
thephotoelectric
photoelectriceffect
effectand
andBrownian
Brownianmotion
motion
Career
Career1905
1905Published
Publishedpapers
paperson
onspecial
specialrelativity,
relativity,Brownian
Brownianmotion,
motion,and
andthe
the
photoelectric
photoelectriceffect
effect
1909-1911
1909-1911:Taught
:Taughtphysics
physicsat
atthe
theUniversity
Universityof
ofZrich
Zrich
1911-1912
1911-1912:Taught
:Taughtphysics
physicsat
atthe
theGerman-speaking
German-speakinguniversity
universityininPrague
Prague
1912-1914:
1912-1914:Returned
Returnedto
toteach
teachat
atthe
theUniversity
Universityof
ofZrich
Zrich
1914
1914:Became
:Becameaaprofessor
professorat
atthe
theUniversity
Universityof
ofBerlin
Berlinand
anddirector
directorof
ofthe
theKaiser
Kaiser
Wilhelm
WilhelmInstitute
Institutefor
forPhysics
Physics
1916
1916:Published
:Publishedaapaper
paperon
ongeneral
generalrelativity,
relativity,extending
extendinghis
hisearlier
earliertheory
theoryof
of
special
specialrelativity
relativity
1919
1919:A
:Asolar
solareclipse
eclipseconfirmed
confirmedEinstein's
Einstein'sprediction
predictionthat
thatstarlight
starlightbends
bendsininthe
the
vicinity
vicinityof
ofaamassive
massivebody
bodysuch
suchas
asthe
thesun.
sun.
1921
1921:Won
:Wonthe
theNobel
NobelPrize
Prizeininphysics
physicsfor
forhis
hiswork
workon
onthe
thephotoelectric
photoelectriceffect
effect
1933
1933:Began
:Beganteaching
teachingat
atPrinceton
PrincetonUniversity
University
1939:
1939:Pointed
Pointedout,
out,ininaaletter
letterto
toPresident
PresidentRoosevelt,
Roosevelt,the
thepossibility
possibilitythat
thatan
an
extremely
extremelypowerful
powerfulbomb
bombmight
mightbe
beconstructed
constructedusing
usingatomic
atomicchain
chainreactions
reactionsinin
uranium,
uranium,and
andsuggested
suggestedthat
thatthe
theGermans
Germansmight
mightbe
beworking
workingon
onsuch
suchaabomb.
bomb.

Did You Know

Einstein could not find a job in physics upon
graduating from college, and became a technical
assistant in the Swiss Patent Office. He worked on
theoretical physics in his spare time.
Einstein did not receive a Nobel Prize for his
theory of relativity.
Einstein immediately left Germany for the United
States following Hitler's rise to power.
Einstein spent much of his later career searching
for a unified field theory, but was unsuccessful.
Einstein declined the presidency of the state of
Israel when it was offered to him in 1952 by state
leaders.
The element einsteinium, discovered in 1952, was
named in honor of Albert Einstein.

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