E-Commerce

PRESENETED BY:
IQRA
SHIZWAH
QURA-TUL-AIN

Introduction to E-Commerce:
Commercial Transactions Conducted Electronically On The Internet.
E-commerceis buying and selling goods and services over the Internet.
E-business is a structure that includes not only those transactions that
center on buying and selling goods and services to generate revenue, but
also those transactions that support revenue generation.

Brief History
1970s: Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)
Used by the banking industry to exchange account information
over secured networks
Late 1970s and early 1980s: Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) for
e-commerce within companies
Used by businesses to transmit data from one business to another
1990s: the World Wide Web on the Internet provides easy-to-use
technology for information publishing and dissemination
Cheaper to do business (economies of scale)
Enable diverse business activities (economies of scope)

Process of Online Shopping

Shizwah
6 basic types of e-commerce:

There are 6 basic types of ecommerce:

1.
BusinesstoBusiness
(B2B)

3.
ConsumertoConsumer
(C2C)

2.
BusinesstoConsumer
(B2C)

5.
BusinesstoAdministrat
ion (B2A)

4.
ConsumertoBusiness
(C2B).

6.
ConsumertoAdministrat
ion (C2A)

1. Business-to- Business (B2B)

Business-to- Business (B2B) e-commerce encompasses
all electronic transactions of goods or services conducted
between companies.
Producers and traditional commerce wholesalers
typically operate with this type of electronic commerce.
Examples include PayPal, Google checkout.

2. Business-to- Consumer
(B2C)

The Business-to- Consumer type of e-commerce is

distinguished by the establishment of electronic business
relationships between businesses and final consumers. It
corresponds to the retail section of e-commerce, where
traditional retail trade normally operates.

These types of relationships can be easier and more

dynamic, but also more sporadic or discontinued.

This type of commerce has developed greatly, due to the

advent of the web.
Examples include Amazon.com, Overstock.com, Best bay,
Walmart.

3. Consumer-to- Consumer (C2C)

Consumer-to- Consumer (C2C) type e-commerce
encompasses all electronic transactions of goods or
services conducted between consumers.
These transactions are conducted through a third
party, which provides the online platform where the
transactions are actually carried out.
eBay is an example of C2C.

4. Consumer-to- Business (C2B)

In C2B there is a complete reversal of the traditional
sense of exchanging goods.
This type of e-commerce is very common in
crowdsourcing based projects.
Example is iStock photos.

5. Business-to- Administration (B2A)

This part of e-commerce encompasses all transactions conducted online between
companies and public administration.
This is an area that involves a large amount and a variety of services, particularly in
areas such as fiscal, social security, employment, legal documents and registers, etc.
These types of services have increased considerably in recent years with
investments made in e-government.

6. Consumer-to- Administration (C2A)

The Consumer-to- Administration model encompasses all
electronic transactions conducted between individuals
and public administration.

QURA-TUL-AIN
TRENDS IN E-COMMERCE

TRENDS IN E-COMMERCE

Trends in ecommerce emerge from:

How customers shop
What they are buying
and how they are responding to your
marketing.

Pakistan's e-trading
Pakistan's e-tradingmainly involves buying and selling goods and services using internet or
telephone, through the use of electronic means such ascomputer,fax machine,cellular
phone,automated teller machines(ATM) and other electronic appliances with or without using
inter-net.
Online banking, e-ticketing for air travelling, share trading in stock exchange are few examples
ofe-commerceof modern advancement.
With its potential, e-trading can reduce the cost per transaction, increase efficiency, support
contest, lower prices and boost international demand.
It can open new area for business in service sector like on-line education, medical services,
consultancy and data exchange.
It can also provide expansion in trade through domestic and international market research,
advertising and marketing.
In the financial services area it can make easy and speedy transactions and transfer of money at
a minimum risk.
The interesting feature of online trading is that an investor simply sitting in his office or home can
buy or sell through Internet via mobile/tablet or PC and before being an experienced trader he
may learn a lot by watching market screens or web portals at his convenience.

Suggestion & Recommendations

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