GUA PARA O MILNIO

SISTEMAS DE TRATAMENTO E PURIFICAO

The World Health Organization estimates

over one billion people lack access to
purified drinking water
It is estimated by Soteris Kalogirou (PhD,
MEng, Eurlng, CEng, M-CIBSE, M-ASHRAE,
M-ISES) that to produce 1,000,000 litres of
desalinated freshwater per day using
energy hungry methods such as Reverse
Osmosis membrane technology requires
27.397 tonnes of oil per day. Assuming oil
costs 40c/kg then it costs $10.96 / 1000
litres
Single effect solar stills have historically
had an efficiency of 30 40%

SISTEMAS PARA PURIFICAO

SO CONSIDERADOS DOIS TIPOS DE PROCEDIMENTOS PARA TRATAMENTO DE GUA

FILTRAGEM

PURIFICAO

OF THE TWO TERMS, PURIFICATION SEEMS TO BE THE ONE THAT IS MOST MISUNDERSTOOD. MOST PEOPLE
BELIEVE THAT IF WATER IS "PURE," IT MEANS THAT THERE IS NOTHING ELSE MIXED IN WITH IT. HOWEVER,
THE ROOT OF THE WORD "PURIFICATION," IS "PURIFY." PURIFY, BY DEFINITION, DOES NOT REFER TO
REMOVING ALL EXTRANEOUS MATTER. RATHER, IT MEANS TO REMOVE WHAT IS UNWANTED. SO, A
PRODUCT THAT CLAIMS TO PURIFY WATER DOES NOT CLAIM TO DISTILL IT (I.E. MAKE THE WATER PURE). IT
SIMPLY MEANS THAT IT REMOVES WHAT IS NOT WANTED, WHAT IS UNHEALTHY, FROM THE WATER.
SISTEMAS PURIFICADORES SOMENTE AQUELES CAPAZES DE REMOVER PELO MENOS 98%

REVERSE OSMOSIS
REVERSE OSMOSIS IS ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEMS. IT IS
CONSIDERED A PURIFICATION SYSTEM BECAUSE IT EFFECTIVELY REMOVES MANY OF THE UNWANTED
CONTAMINANTS FROM THE WATER. IT IS SO EFFECTIVE, IN FACT, THAT THE WATER IT PRODUCES
OFTEN NEEDS TO HAVE NUTRIENTS ADDED BACK INTO IT TO MAKE IT OPTIMAL FOR CONSUMPTION.
REVERSE OSMOSIS WORKS BY PUSHING THE SUPPLY WATER THROUGH A VERY FINE MEMBRANE
THAT HAS ONLY MICROSCOPIC PORES. HIGH PRESSURE IS USED, AND ONLY WATER IS ABLE TO PASS
THROUGH THE MEMBRANE. VERY FEW CONTAMINANTS MAKE IT THROUGH, AND EVEN MOST
CHEMICALS ARE REMOVED. IT EVEN REMOVES MOST FLUORIDE FROM THE WATER.
ONE SHORTCOMING OF A REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER SYSTEM IS THAT IT USUALLY REQUIRES
CONSIDERABLE MAINTENANCE. ALGAE AND OTHER MICROSCOPIC LIFE FORMS COMMONLY GROW
ON THE FILTERS. BECAUSE OF THIS, THE FILTERS MUST BE CHANGED REGULARLY.

Part of the L-series family (other systems include

XL and HL series), these RO systems are designed
to work at pressures of 200-250 psi for higher TDS
water and use TW reverse osmosis membranes.
The TW RO membranes offer higher salt removal
and the higher operating pressure overcomes the
loss of membrane flow due to higher TDS level.

Carocell produces safe, high quality potable water from any

source including seawater, groundwater and contaminated
or polluted water. It also incorporates Zero Liquid Discharge
(ZLD) technology, when panels are in a series, which
converts waste brine into drinking water and valuable
fractionalised salts (table salt, pool salt and magnesium
chloride used for dust suppression in the mining industry).
Carocell is the most efficient and cost effective product of
its kind. Independent testing by world-renowned
engineering firm ARUP found Carocell to be twice as solar
efficient as comparable products. When combined with ZLD,
Carocell is also significantly cheaper than commonly used
reverse osmosis technology.
F CUBED is receiving an extremely high level of
international interest in Carocell from offices in 20

Carocell panels are a breakthrough in Solar

Desalination, providing:
55 65% efficiency solar energy to distilled water
50% more efficient than most comparable
products
5 25% of the installed cost of comparable
products
Carocell Direct Solar Desalination is a unique
patented modular panel that has the capability of
producing millions and millions of litres of pure
distilled water per day. Alternatively Carocell Direct Solar Desalination can be used for smaller
domestic, rural and village applications.

Benefits of Carocell solar powered desalination

technology:
Low cost modular desalination/distillation panel
Produces distilled water from any source
Simple robust design and operation
Gravity or pump fed
Ground or Roof mounting
Complete solar generation
No green house emissions (potential carbon
credits)
No ongoing energy costs
No filters or costly membranes
No chemicals
Low maintenance
Single or multi unit operation
ZLD Zero Liquid Discharge when panels in serie

CAROCELL 2000
Portable Solar Still
Water Output*:
Temperature 20C 8 Litres / DAY
Temperature 30C 10 Litres / DAY
Dimensions: 1150 x 2100mm x 50mm
Surface Area: 2m2
Weight: 15kg

CAROCELL 3000
Domestic Applications
Water Output*:
Temperature 20C 16
Litres / DAY
Temperature 30C 20
Litres / DAY
Dimensions: 1110mm x
2880mm x 50mm
Surface Area: 3m2
Weight: 17kg