Application of PID Controller

in Controlling
Refrigerator Temperature
Guided by:

Mr. Ramesh H.R.

Associate professor
Department

By: Rishi Raj Saikia

1st Sem,M.E.(C&I)
14GAME3012

EEE

CONTENTS

Introduction.
Refrigerator cycle.
Conventional temperature controller.
PID controller.
Simulation.
Comparison and analysis of On-Off
controller with PID.
Conclusion.

INTRODUCTION
Refrigerating and freezing
compartment with temperature at
3C and -18C.
Works on vapor compression cycle.
4 main components; compressor,
condenser, evaporator and throttling
device(Expansion valve).
Coefficient of Performance:

Refrigerator Cycle

CONVENTIONAL TEMPERATURE
CONTROLLER
On-Off controller-the conventional
controller for controlling inner
refrigerator temperature.

Fig-conventional temperature
controller of the
refrigerator.

PID Controller

SIMULATION

COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS OF PID

& ON- OFF CONTROL
CASE-1
KP=100,KI=3, KD=0.1,Deadband for the OnOff=1
Disturbance=10,SP=3C,Steady state error=35%
for On-off & 23.33% for PID.

CASE-2
KP=100,KI=3, KD=0.1,Deadband for the On-Off=1
SP=3C, Disturbance=15C,steady state
error=31.67% for On-Off & 20% for PID controller

CASE-3
KP= 100, KI= 10, KD=1, Deadband for the On-Off=1.
SP=3C, Disturbance=20C, steady state error=35% for OnOff & 17.33% for PID controller.

CASE-4
KP= 100, KI= 10, KD=3,Deadband for the On-Off=1.
SP=3C, Disturbance=30C, steady state error =
25% for On-Off & 10% for PID controller.

CONCLUSION
When disturbance is high the proposed PID temperature
controller has performed better than the on-off controller
in maintaining the set point value of the system.
From the analysis of the adjustment of the value of K p,
KI and KD, it is observed that the PID controller gains
need to be adjusted in order to maintain its
performance.
Tuning of the controller needs to be done in order to
reduce overshoot and oscillation to keep consistent
temperature in the refrigerator.
Tuning can be done using any one of the Z-N or CC
method.

References

Junyoung Choi, Refrigerator and Air-Conditioner Testing in

the Republic of Korea, Korea Testing Laboratory.
Thomas E. Marlin, Process Control: Designing Processes
and Control Systems for Dynamic Performance, McGrawHill, Inc., 1995, pp. 386-387
Lewis M. Gordon, Feedback Control Modes, Process
Automation Series, Foxboro-McGraw-Hill, Inc, 1985, p17
Curtis, D. Johnson, Process Control Instrumentation
Technology, Prentice Hall, 2000, pp.17, 423
Frank Wicks, 2nd Law Analysis Of On/Off vs. Frequency
Modulation Control Of Refrigerator, Mechanical
Eingineering Department, Union College, New York, pp. 340344
Norman S. Nise, Control System Engineering, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc, Fourth Edition, 2004. pp. 531-537, 852-853
Norman A. Anderson, Instrumentation for Process
Measurement and Control, Instrumentation Publishing Co.