HYBRID ELECTRIC VECHILE

(HEV)
(hev)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

PRESENTED BY:INGENIOUS GROUP

RAJEEV RANJAN-84
SHUVAM KUMAR SHAW-104
SONU KUMAR-107
RAHUL ANAND-80
SONU KUMAR SINGH-108

INTRODUCTION
ELECTRIC VEHICLE(EV) means a vehicle which is powered
by electric motor drawing current from rechargeable storage
batteries, fuel cells, etc.
HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (HEV) means a vehicle
propelled by a combination of an electric motor and an
internal combustion engine and the components thereof .

Figure 1. Generalized diagram of HEV

GENERALISED THEORY OF POWER FLOW

There two energy sources in the HEV: POWER TRAIN 1 refers to the ICE which has a unidirectional flow
of power from the fuel source to the traction system.
POWER TRAIN 2 refers the electrical system which has a
bidirectional flow of power either from the battery to drive the
traction system or from the traction system to the battery to
recharge it.

MOTIVATION
The 20th century and 21st century has experienced an exponentially
growing demand of means of transportation. This created a conflict
with the growing concerns about environmental factors and
sustainability of natural resources.

The major challenges come from the :-

Depleting fuel sources due to the increasing fuel demand for

the vehicles

OBJECTIVE
HEV conserves fuel and it also produces less co2
emission(Approx 70% less than other gasoline cars).
It is less harmful to our environment than other cars.
Thus we need to develop certain strategies to popularize the
HEV among
the public.

ARCHITECTURES OF HYBRID
ELECTRIC VEHICLE
According to the methods of connection of the
power sources the HEV can be classified as:-

HEV
S
SERIES HEV

PARALLEL
HEV

SERIESPARALLEL
HEV

SERIES TOPOLOGY
The series topology of the HEV was developed by
simply adding a small IC engine to supplement the
battery poor supply in the traditional electrical vehicle.

PARALLEL TOPOLOGY
The ICE and the electric motor can simultaneously deliver

power to the traction system either in a combined mode or

individually.
The fuel energy of the gasoline / diesel is converted into
mechanical energy in engine and is delivered to the drive
wheels through the mechanical coupling.
The chemical energy in the battery is used to drive the
motor.
The battery can be recharged externally.
The electric motor can be operated as generator during the
regenerative braking mode.

SERIES-PARALLEL TOPOLOGY
This incorporates both the topological features of series and

parallel.
In contrast to the series parallel HEV it adds a mechanical
coupling system between the engine and the final drive
system so the engine can drive the wheels directly.
Comparing it with the parallel configuration it has an
additional feature of an electric motor.
Most adaptable .

VARIOUS TYPES OF HYBRID

VECHILE
SERIES HYBRID
(CHEVROLET VOLT)

SERIESPARALLEL HYBRID
(FORD ESCAPE)

PARALLEL
HYBRID
(HONDA INSIGHT)

WHOS MAKING HYBRIDS NOW?

Honda

Accord
Civic
Insight

Toyota

Ford

Prius
Camry
Highlander
Escape

Mazda

Tribute

Saturn

Vue

Lexus

RX 400h SUV
GS 450h
LS 600h L

Mercury

Mariner SUV

Dodge

Ram contractors edition

General Motors

Silverado and Sierra

Malibu
Tahoe/Yukon

Nissan

Altima
Versa

12

In the next 5 years

Growing demand
Greater market
Car companies will

respond
More variety

OVERALL ADVANTAGE OF HEV

Use less oil than ICE
Emit less CO2 than ICE
Fuel efficiency increased
Less dependence on fossil

Fuels
High resale value
Environmentally Friendly

OVERALL DISADVANTAGES OF
HEV
Currently more expensive than

conventional.
Heavier due to battery backup and motor
weight.
Limited battery life.
Expensive battery if wanted to replace it.

TECHNOLOGY
CHALLENGES AND
OPPORTUNITIES
Battery capacity reduces with time even we dont use it.
Time of charging battery is too long.
Batteries are heavy and expensive.
Batteries are sensitive to overcharge or undercharge.
Contain toxic heavy metal. So disposal issue.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCHERS

Advanced research projects on batteries are supported by
government industries

Conclusion
Air pollution is a

serious concern.
Fallbacks to Fuel Cell
economy.
In the short run HEVs
seem to be a viable
alternative

THANK YOU

REFERENCES
Chris Mi, M Abul Masrur and David Wenzhong Gao, Hybrid Electric Vehicles-

Principles And Applications With Practical Perspectives. West Sussex, A John Wiley
And Sons Pvt. Ltd., 2011
Mj Collie, Electric And Hybrid Vehicles Energy Technology Review No.44,New

Jersey, USA, Noyes Data Corporation,1979

Mehrdad Ehsani, Yimin Gao and John M Miller Hybrid Electric Vehicles:

Architecture And Motor Drives, in proc. Of the IEEE,Vol.95,No. 4,April 2007

Cc Chan The State of Art of Electric Vehicles and Hybrid Vehicles, Proc. IEEE,

vol.90, no. 2, pp. 247-275, Feb. 2002.

Ali Emadi, Kaushik Rajashekara, Sheldon Williamson and Srdjan M. Lukic

Topological Overview of Electric Vehicle and Fuel Cell Vehicular Power System
Architectures And Configurations, 2005 IEEE, vol. 54, no. 3, May 2005.
Mounir Zeraoulia, Mohammed El Hachemi Benbouzid and Demba Diallo Electric

Motor Drive Selection Issues For HEV Propulsion Systems: A Comparative Study,
IEEE Transactions On Vehicular Technology, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 1756-1763, Nov 2006.