What Are Mechanical

Seals?
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Manufacturer-Designer-OEM Supplier

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Meaning of Mechanical Seals

Amechanical sealis a device that helps join systems or
mechanisms together by preventing leakage (e.g. in a
plumbing system), containing pressure, or excluding
contamination.
The effectiveness of asealis dependent on adhesion in
the case of sealants and compression in the case of
gaskets.
A stationary seal may also be referred to as 'packing'.

Types of Seals
Induction sealingor cap sealing
Adhesive, sealant
Bodok seal, a specialized gas sealing washer for medical
applications
Bridgman seal, a piston sealing mechanism that creates a
high pressure reservoir from a lower pressure source
Bung
Compression seal fitting

Types of Seals
Diaphragm seal
Ferrofluidic seal
GasketorMechanical packing
Flange gasket
O-ring
O-ring boss seal
Piston ring

Glass-to-metal seal
Glass-ceramic-to-metal seals

Why Use Mechanical Seals?

Mechanical seal is a sealing device for any rotating
equipment which prevents the inner fluid from leaking
through the clearance between the rotating shaft and the
housing case.
There are various types of mechanical seals for each
application and operating condition of the equipment but
in principle, mechanical seal is a face type seal, which
performs sealing by two sealing faces vertical to the shaft.
Mechanical Seal incorporates various components such as
the spring giving contact force and the packing which
eliminates intrusion of the fluid from the outside.

Why Use Mechanical Seals?

The seal face is an accurately flat face, and so if it is worn,
it does not cause the leakage of the sealant as far as wear
is within the maximum allowable amount.
Therefore it can be used for a long time free of
maintenance, and is very effective and efficient in terms of
reliability and economy.
Mechanical seal has been said that it requires high initial
cost and is hard to handle, but it is now highly valued as an
important functional part of the equipment, which enables
long continuous operation of the production process of
equipments and thus finally gives considerable profit to the
operation.

Why Use Mechanical Seals?

Comparison Between Mechanical Seal and Gland Packing

Mechanical Seal

Gland Packing

Leakage

Extremely small or none

Certain leakage is necessary to

avoid seisure

Life

Long with appropriate design and

material

Comparatively short as it wears and

periodical tightening is required

Wear of shaft and

sleeve

Spring load keeps faces in contact if

faces wear

Periodical tightening required and

must be replaced if wear of shaft or
sleeve becomes excessive

Power Loss

Small as frictions area are coefficient Big as friction area and coefficient
and small (Energy Saving Type)
area are large

Operating Range
(Pressure Temp.)

Applicable widely with appropriate

materials and design

Limited application due to keeping

leakage small

Cost

Running cost is low as maintenance

is not necessary

Running cost is high due to

necessary maintenance

Why Use Mechanical Seals?

Mechanical Seals Operating Principles

Essential elements of a mechanical seal:
These are the three essential elements of a mechanical seal:
Seal faces: one rotating with the shaft and one stationary in the pump
casing, cover or flange.
Secondary seals: one to seal the rotating face to the shaft and one to
seal the stationary face to the pump cover or flange.
Metal parts: to transmit torque and to provide an axial mechanical force
to load the faces.

Essential requirements for proper operation of a

mechanical seal:
Seal faces must be flat and polished.
Seal faces must be installed perpendicular to the shaft.
Spring force must be sufficient to maintain contact of the faces.

A few facts about the leakage (and

wear) behaviour of contacting
mechanical seals:
It is essential for proper lubrication and wear of the faces.
Normal leak rates range between immeasurably small to
steady drips or temporary to even small steams. Some
seals leak some of the time, some seals never leak
(measurably), and some leak all the time. Leakage
patterns can be constant, progressive or erratic in nature.
It can be in liquid, gaseous and/or solid state.
Successful contacting seals tend to have very low wear
rates and low leakage rates.

A few facts about the leakage (and

wear) behaviour of contacting
mechanical seals:

A few facts about the leakage (and

wear) behaviour of contacting
mechanical seals:
Some forms of contact is necessary for low leakage rates.
Non-contacting or full lift off seals (hydrostatic or
hydrodynamic tend to have visible, sizeably larger leakage
rates.
The large majority of mechanical seals never wear out and
are removed from service for some other reason.
Seal failures occur for a wide range of reasons.
Some failures occur as an interaction with the tribology of
the interface.

MECHANICAL SEAL COMPONENTS :

The Basic components in a mechanical seals include the
following
1. A stationary sealing face.
2. A Rotating sealing face
3. A Static secondary seal for stationary face.
4. A Static secondary seal for rotating face.
5. A spring or a bellow to press the sealing faces together.
6. A system to flush seal area.
7. A method to prevent slippage of sealing faces (Keyways, pins or
secondary seal friction).


ADVANTAGES OF MECHANICAL SEALS :
1. Handles all types of fluids (Acids, salts and abrasive particles)
2. Handle slightly misaligned / non concentric
3. Handle Bi-directional shaft rotation, large pressure,
temperature and speed excursions.
4. Shaft condition is not critical (Finish roughness, roundness,
hardness and material)
5. Operation does not cause shaft wear.
6. Long operating life.
7. Positive sealing for food processing, hazardous chemicals and
radioactive fluids.


DISADVANTAGES OF MECHANICAL SEALS :
1. Requires more space than radial lip seals.
2. Cannot handle axial end play.
3. Sealing faces must be finished smooth (0.08 to 0.4
micrometer) and can get easily damaged.
4. High initial cost.

Contact
Us
Works: Plot No.85, B.U.Bhandari
Indl.Estate, Off Nagar
Road,Sanaswadi, Tal: Shirur, Dist:
PUNE- 412208 (M.S.) INDIA
02137-619269/70/71/72

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