Geothermal - 2

Edward Edberg
1400510026

Generating Power Using Geothermal

Resources

The production of electricity using geothermal energy employs technology that is

fundamentally indistinguishable from that at most other power generating facilities.
Specifically, an electrical generator is powered by a turbine that converts thermal or
kinetic energy into electricity.
There is no fuel cycle required to generate heat because the heat already exists within
the earth.
Geothermal is not intermittent and provides true baseload capability at a reliability
that consistently exceeds 90%.

GEOTHERM
AL
SYSTEMS

Geothermal Power Generating

Systems

Flash Power Plants.

Dry Steam Power Plants.
Binary Power Plants.
Advanced Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems.

Single-Flash Steam Power Plants

Single-Flash Steam Power Plants

Flash - Process of transitioning from a pressurized liquid to a mixture of liquid and

vapor gas a result of lowering the geofluid pressure below the saturation pressure
corresponding to the fluid temperature.
Flash process may occur
[1] in the reservoir as the fluid flows through the permeable formation with an
accompanying pressure drop;
[2] in the production well anywhere from the entry point to the wellhead as a result of the
loss of pressure due to friction and the gravity head; or
[3] in the inlet to the cyclone separator as a result of throttling process induced by a
control valve.

Double-Flash Steam Power Plants

Double-Flash Steam Power Plants

The double-flash steam plant is an improvement on the singleflash design that can produce 15-20% more power output for the
same geothermal fluid conditions.
The plant is more complex, more costly, and requires more
maintenance, but the extra power output often justifies the
installation of such plants.
Triple-flash plants add another stage of flashing, thereby further
raising the efficiency of energy utilization but at the expense of
increased complexity, more equipment, and higher capital costs.

Dry-Steam Power Plants

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Dry-Steam Power Plants

The connection between the wells and the powerhouse for a drysteam plant is relatively simple compared to a flash-steam plant.
At the well, there are the usual valves plus a steam purifier.
Once the steam reaches the powerhouse, a dry-steam plant is
essentially the same as a single-flash steam plant. The turbines
are single-pressure units with impulse-reaction blading, either
single-flow for smaller units or double-flow for larger units.
The condensers can be either direct-contact or surface-type.

Binary Power Plants

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Binary Power Plants

Produce the geofluid as a pressurized liquid by means of
downwell pumps.
When geofluids are produced this way, it is generally not
thermodynamically wise to then flash the fluid in surface vessels
and use a flash-steam plant.
It is simpler to pass the geofluid as a compressed liquid through
heat exchangers and dispose of it in injection wells still in the
liquid phase.

Single-Flash / Binary Plant

Initially the single-flash plant

operated by itself and the waste
liquid from CS was sent directly
to the IW.
The binary cycle is inserted as
shown to tap into the reinjection
pipeline where it extracts some
heat and thereby lowers the
temperature of the waste brine
prior to injection.

Geothermal Heat Pump

Heat Pump
Devices that transfer thermal energy from a source at a low
temperature to a reservoir at a high temperature. The hightemperature reservoir can then be used, for house heating.
The primary undisturbed temperature of the ground heat source
is given by the thermal and hydraulic properties of the
subsurface and the climatic conditions at the location of the
probe.
During operation of the geothermal probe, heat extraction cools
the vicinity of the probe pipe. The effective temperature of the
transfer fluid entering the evaporator is still lower than the
cooled ground because of unavoidable physical heat transfer
losses.

THANK YOU
E-mail : edward.edberg.halim@gmail.com