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ad-hoc piconets
MC SS02
7.1
Bluetooth - original
7.2
Landline
Cable
Replacement
Data/Voice
Access
Points
Usage
Models Class
MC SS02
7.3
Bluetooth
MC SS02
7.4
MC SS02
7.5
Who is Bluetooth?
Son of Gorm the Old (King of Denmark) and Thyra Danebod (daughter of King
Ethelred of England)
This is one of two Runic stones erected in his capital city of Jelling (central
Jutland)
This is the front of the stone depicting the chivalry of Harald
Harald controlled Denmark and Norway
Harald thinks mobile PCs and cellular phones should seamlessly
communicate
MC SS02
7.6
MC SS02
7.7
Applications
IP
Data
Audio
ro l
RFCOMM
Co
nt
SDP
L2CAP
Link Manager
Baseband
RF
MC SS02
7.8
Applications
IP
Data
Audio
ro l
RFCOMM
Co
nt
SDP
L2CAP
Link Manager
Baseband
RF
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, http://www.jochenschiller.de/
MC SS02
7.9
Radio Spectrum
12cm
5cm
83.5 Mhz
125 Mhz
2.4 Ghz
5.725 Ghz
2.4835 Ghz
5.785 Ghz
802.11a
HiperLan2
802.11b/g
Bluetooth
Microwave oven
MC SS02
7.10
1Mhz
. . .
79
12 3
83.5 Mhz
GFSK modulation
1 Mb/s symbol rate
transmit power
0 dbm (up to 20dbm with power control)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, http://www.jochenschiller.de/
MC SS02
7.11
Reliability
1. Frequency hopping
2. Adaptive power control
3. Short data packets
MC SS02
7.12
Bluetooth Baseband
Applications
IP
Data
Audio
ro l
RFCOMM
Co
nt
SDP
L2CAP
Link Manager
Baseband
RF
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, http://www.jochenschiller.de/
MC SS02
7.13
Piconet
Master can connect to 7 slaves
Each piconet has max capacity (1 Mbps)
MC SS02
s
7.14
Piconet
Collection of devices connected in an ad hoc
fashion
P
S
M
SB
S
P
SB
M=Master
S=Slave
P=Parked (can be reactivated
within some milliseconds)
SB=Standby (not active at all)
MC SS02
7.15
Forming a piconet
Addressing
SB
SB
SB
SB
SB
SB
SB
SB
SB
SB
MC SS02
SB
7.16
Link types
MC SS02
7.17
72 bits 54 bits
Access
code
Header
0 - 2744 bits
Payload
Access code:
Synchronization.
Identification.
Header:
AM-ADDR: MAC-address
Type: payload type
Flow: flow control
ARQ: fast retransmit
HEC
header
Voice
No CRC
No retries
FEC (optional)
MC SS02
Data
CRC
ARQ
FEC (optional)
7.18
Bluetooth Channel
FH/TDD
f1
f3
f4
f5
f6
s1
s2
625 sec
1600 hops/sec
MC SS02
7.19
Multislot Packets
f1
f4
f5
f6
s1
s2
625 sec
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, http://www.jochenschiller.de/
MC SS02
7.20
Symmetric
2/3 FEC
DM1
DM3
258.1 387.2
54.4
286.7 477.8
36.3
DM5
Symmetric
No FEC
Asymmetric
DH1
DH3
Asymmetric
DH5
kbps
MC SS02
7.21
kbps
Link types
SCO Synchrounous Connection Oriented
Used for synchrounous voice transmission (Classic telephone (voice)).
Connections require symmetrical, circuit switched, point-to-point connections
The master reserves two consecutive slots (forward and return slots) at fixed intervals.
Using an SCO link, three different types of single-slot packets can be used
payload (30)
HV1
HV2
HV3
audio (10)
FEC (20)
audio (20)
FEC (10)
audio (30)
MC SS02
7.22
SCO ACL
ACL
SCO
ACL
ACL
SCO ACL
ACL
s1
s2
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, http://www.jochenschiller.de/
MC SS02
7.23
Robustness
Slow frequency hopping with hopping patterns determined by a master
Protection from interference on certain frequencies
Separation from other piconets (FH-CDMA)
Retransmission
Error in payload
(not header!)
MASTER
SLAVE 1
NAK
ACK
SLAVE 2
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, http://www.jochenschiller.de/
G
MC SS02
G
7.24
Applications
IP
Data
Audio
r ol
RFCOMM
Co
nt
SDP
L2CAP
Link Manager
Baseband
RF
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, http://www.jochenschiller.de/
7.25
L2CAP
Applications
IP
SDP
RFCOMM
Data
Audio
L2CAP
Link Manager
Baseband
RF
L2CAP provides
Protocol multiplexing
Segmentation and Re-assembly
Quality of service negotiation
MC SS02
7.26
Profiles
Represent default solutions for a certain usage model
Vertical slice through the protocol stack
Basis for interoperability
Applications
Protocols
MC SS02
7.27
Profiles
Scatternet
Scatternet
A set of inter-connected piconets
Some devices participate in more than
one piconet
Called Bridging node.
A Bridging node may be slave in
several piconets but only master in one
of its piconets
Master
Slave 3
Slave 2
Slave 1
Master 2
Slave 4/
Master 3
Scatternet scheduling
Slave 5
MC SS02
7.28
Scatternet Example
PDA
mouse
Cordles
s
headset
Cell phone
Cell phone
PDA
Cell phone
MC SS02
7.29
End
MC SS02
7.30
MC SS02
26.0 mA
26.0 mA
53.0 mA
53.0 mA
15.5 mA
53.0 mA
53.0 mA
4.0 mA
0.5 mA
0.6 mA
47.0 A
20.0 A
7.31
Baseband
Piconet/channel definition
Low-level packet definition
Access
Packet
code
header
54
0-2745
4
preamble
64
sync.
(4)
(trailer) AM address
bits
payload
type
flow
ARQN
SEQN
HEC
MC SS02
7.32
bits
header (2)
DH3
header (2)
DM5
header (2)
DH5
header (2)
payload (0-339)
payload (0-17)
2/3 FEC
payload (0-27)
payload (0-121)
CRC (2)
CRC (2)
2/3 FEC
CRC (2)
payload (0-183)
CRC (2)
payload (0-224)
2/3 FEC
payload (0-339)
(bytes)
CRC (2)
MC SS02
CRC (2)
CRC (2)
7.33