JURASSIC AND

CRETACEOUS
CREATED BY
DINA AL MUTHIAH
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LARA SAKINA
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LOVINA DERNI
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FA J A R S H I D D IQ S .
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RE Z A D W I Y .
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S U C Y F E B RI D A Y A N A 0 3 0 7 1 1 8 1 5 2 0 0 1 6
YONA YUWANA
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YULIA ISNAINI
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JURASSICS (210 million 140 million years ago)

Jurassic period starts after the mass extinction at

the end of the Triassic. Pangea Continent split and
now that land known as North America broke away
from the African mainland. In addition, the
mainland of South America broke away from the
mainland Antarctica and Australia.

CHARACTERISTICS IN JURASSIC PERIOD

Increasing the reptiles.
Dinosaurs began to dominate the mainland
Ichtiyosaurs hunt in the ocean
Pterosaurs ruled the sky.
The first true bird (Archeopterya) evolved and many types

of crocodiles are thrive.

Conifer plant became common, while Bennefit and Sequola
abundant at this time.
The dominant plant come from the gymnosperms as reptile
food source.
Type gymnosperms still relatively the same as the previous
period, namely conifer, Ginkgo and Cycas

The first
ichthyosaurs
appeared in the
Triassic.
In Jurassic,
ichthyosaurs
reached their
highest diversity,
and then began to
decline. The last
ichthyosaurs
disappeared in the
Cretaceous
several million
years before the last
dinosaurs died out.

FOSSILS IN JURASSIC PERIOD

Figure 1. Ichthyosaurus intermedius

Figure 2. Reconstruction of Ichthyosaurus.

Source : http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/diapsids/ichthyosauria.html

FOSSIL IN JURASSIC PERIOD

Ranging from the
size of a sparrow
to the size of an
airplane, the
pterosaurs (Greek
for "wing lizards")
ruled the skies in
the Jurassic and
Cretaceous, also
included the
largest vertebrate
ever known to fly:
the late
Cretaceous
Quetzalcoatlus.

Figure 3. fossil of Rhamphorhynchus,

Source : http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/diapsids/pterosauria.html

CRETACEOUS (CHALK PERIOD)

The end of the Cretaceous period is the phase of the most famous in
history because it led to the extinction of dinosaurs. Now majority
known as the land around the southern half of Britain -that until
midwestern United States - is still below sea level during this
period. Atlantic Ocean increasingly wide spread in the north and
south America separates Europe and Africa. Indian Ocean formed
during this period. Relatively humid conditions and temperatures
estimated at about 200C (BBC; Futuyma 1998). Period start of the
period: 142 million years ago. The expiration of the period: the
mass extermination of the Cretaceous period 65 million years ago

CHARACTERISTICS IN CRETACEOUS PERIOD

Cretaceous or Chalk Period was the last time of the dinosaurs. In this
period there are a lot of large carnivorous dinosaurs, and the most
famous is Tyranosaurus rex or a T-rex. Many consider the greatest and
most vicious carnivorous dinosaur is T-rex. But in the 1990s, a large
carnivorous dinosaur fossils recently discovered. Their size is larger
than T-rex. However, most fossils are found not completely fossilized
like T-rex.

Fossil insects
in resin
Insect
pollinators
with
more
types
appear together in
this
period,
for
example Lepidoptera,
bees (Hymenoptera)
and ants. Symbiosis
plant
insect
pollinators recorded
on the discovery of
many fossils with
flowers
typical
morphological
and
became an important
event in this period
(mutualistic
coevolution).

Figure 4. Insect Fossil in resin and model interaction going

on till now
Source : http://bioteaching.wordpress.com/2011/06/29/the-originof-modern-biodiversity-coevolution-of-flowers-and-insects/

Fossil
Angiosperms
This fossil was recently
discovered in the midCretaceous period, at the
time the numbers are
quite plentiful with lots of
variety,
either
dicotyledonous plants or
monocots. The end of the
period
indicate
an
abundance of leaves and
flowers. The existence of
these plants began to shift
the
dominance
of
gymnosperms in line with
climatic conditions and
increasing adaptability.

Figure 5. Fossil Angiosperms

Source: Archaefructus sinensis Sun, Dilcher, Ji et
Nixon (Sun et al., 2002). (Photo courtesy of David
Dilcher).

REFERENCE
Ekodivo, Tim. 2014. Mengenal Periode Jurrasic, Cretaceous, Masa
Paleocene.
(online).
tersedia
di:
http://ecodivo.blogspot.co.id/2014/02/mengenal-periodejurassic-cretaceous.html. diakses 11 Oktober 2016.
Gitzendanner, Matt. 2015. Virtual Fossils Collection. (
http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/deeptime/virtualfossilcollection/Archa
eofructus.html
).
Ikhsandra, Desna. 2010. Penguasa Cretaceous. (
http://desnaikhsandra.blogspot.co.id/2010/05/penguasa-cretace
ous.html
).
Prasetijo, Budi. 2011. Zaman Zura (Jaman Jura). (online).
Tersedia di: http://smart-pustaka.blogspot.co.id/2011/10/zamanzura.html. diakses 11 Oktober 2016.
Reconstruction of Archaefructus sinensis Sun, Dilcher, Ji et Nixon.