SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

CHAULA TRIVEDI
M-ARCH. FIRST YEAR

LATERITE
CONTENTS
FORMATION
AVAILABILITY
PROPERTIES
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL MATERIALS
LATERITE STONE
EXTRACTION and MANUFACTURING PROCESS
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES (past, present and future)
LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
NET CASE STUDY
MANUFACTURES AND SUPPLIERS (various forms of laterite
Used)
BIBLIOGRAPHY

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

LATERITE STONE TERMED BY

FRANCIS BUCHANAN IN 1807
indurated clay
diffused in immense masses,
no appearance of stratification
porous and full of cavities,
contains a very large quantity of iron,
aluminium
soft when extracted
becomes as hard as a brick,
resists the air and water
The most proper English name
would be laterite, from lateritis,
(The Latin word later means brick)

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

 Metasomatism metamorphic process red in coloUr ranging from light through bright to brown shades.
THE DARKER THE SHADE OF LATERITE, THE HARDER, HEAVIER AND MORE RESISTANT TO
WATER IT IS.
SOME LATERITES HAVE A PUZZOLONIC REACTION WHEN MIXED WITH LIME
PRODUCING HARD AND DURABLE BUIDING MATERIAL.
they can be used as a good building material (varghese and byju.1993).

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

OCCURANCE
The first global synthesis of the distribution of laterite
prepared by Prescott and Pendleton in 1952 (Pearson,
1970).
the tropics and subtropics of Africa, Australia, India,
South-East Asia, and South America.
In india, laterite is found in western ghat region, mainly
goa, kerela, coastal region of maharshtra, tamil nadu,
parts of Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand, west Bengal,
arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur and mizorum.
Kerala is known as type locality of laterite;
prolonged rainfall, intermittent dry seasons and sloping
terrain are conducive to laterite formation
(Narayanaswamy, 2001). More than 60% of the state is
covered by laterite blanket over various crystalline
rocks that occupy the midland region of the state,
as shown in the geological map of Kerala

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

Compressive strength of laterite stone

found in different parts of India

Size of the laterite block taken

is 390x 190x 190 mm at iitm
PROPERTIES OF LATERITE STONE
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

Comparison of Laterite Stone

with conventional building materials

Comparison of Laterite Stone

with sustainable building materials
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

Extraction and manufacturing process

Manual quarrying and dressing laborious
Machine quarrying of laterite was invented and used
for the first time in Kerala, India using mobile rotary
saw machine that was introduced for the first time and
popularised since 1993.
It consists of following steps:
(i) Removal of top soil and levelling the surface,
(ii) Marking lines on levelled horizontal bed of laterite,
(iii) Moving cutters through these lines up to desired depth of
stone, and
(iv) Dis-lodging stones manually using bars and hauling to
construction site.
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

Extraction

INDURATION PROCESS

Manufacturing
into different
sizes

Soil and rock

testing

Life cycle analysis

back TO MOTHER
EARTH

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

Road
construction

Disintegration
into the soil

Building
construction

Dismantling the
building

LATERITE STONE

Advantages
Helps in reducing the Carbon Dioxide emissions.
Abundantly available around the world in tropical
belt.
Optimum Thermal mass and thermal insulation
properties .
walls allow the storage of solar heat during the
day and its slow release during the night, thus
contributing to indoor comfort and reducing
electricity consumption.
regulate the humidity of indoor air due to their
permeability to water vapour.
No greenhouse gas emission as the blocks are
made cast in situ.

disadvantages
a weak stone, but can be used for masonry
constructions.
When using for framed structure, the size of
the stone can be reduced which in turn
Reduces the strength of the stone.
Hence a life cycle cost analysis is mandatory
in case of laterite.
The concept of having a cheap material like
laterite gives a cheap look is what is
hampering the usage of laterite stone.

CONCLUSION: The appearance of such houses give a rustic low profile and close to nature look
which is why it has been used since the making of Angkor Wat and natural materials are sustainable
than the conventional ones.
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

Construction techniques
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

Manufacturers and suppliers

Parshwa, pune
New star hollow bricks, thrissur

For a good quality structural wall stone with crazy pattern the price is Rs. 2500/ sq ft
onwards supplied by Pushpak Impex, Bengaluru
Laterite used for cladding will cost Rs. 140/ sq. ft. supplied by Vacco Stone mart,
kakkanand.
Cement plant use laterite costs Rs. 350/ ton supplied by shiv Shakti mining and
logistics, satna

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE

Bibliography
Use of Laterite as a Sustainable Building Material in Developing Countries
Article (PDF Available) in International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering
May 2015 by AK Kasthurba 2nd Krishna R Reddy and venkat reddy
40.01 University of Illinois.
Laterite Based Stabilized Products for Sustainable Building Applications in Tropical Countries: Review
and Prospects for the Case of Cameroon Patrick N. Lemougna, Uphie F. Chinje Melo, Elie Kamseu *
and Arlin B. Tchamba

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY

LATERITE STONE