COLLECTIVE

MEMORY
OF
SURABAYA

TRA
M

Streetcar or trolley
systems that
common throughout
the industrialized
world in the late 19th
and early 20th
centuries.

http://labsky2012a.blogspot.co.id/2012/09/perkembangan-trem-light-rail-transit.html

Vehicles used in mining

Taken by a horse-drawn
carriage
It has rails and wood
carriages
1869 in Batavia

Used as city
transportation
Driven by steam
boiler
In the form of
locomotive
1881 in Batavia
1886 in Surabaya
Economic interest
Used as city
transportation
Driven by electric
charge
1923 in Surabaya
Efficient, pollutionfree and cleaner

Tram operation in
Old Surabaya

Collonization

Independence
of Indonesia

OJS
Collonization

(Oost Javanische Stoomtram Matschapiij)

Netherlands on June 7, 1888

Combination of several companies (Amsterdam,
Gravens Hage, Rotterdam, etc)

Operation Mode
Public passengers,
consisting of grade 1 and 2
Passengers subscription,
consisting of grade 1 and 2
Passengers subscription
schoolchildren, consisting
of grade 1 and 2

"The train, tram and train station is a place

where that allow people to mark the
distinctions of class, or be forced to
accept an inferior position to someone,
-

Howard W. Dick dalam Surabaya, City of Work: A

Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000

http://surabayaonline.co/2015/11/12/perjalanan-sejarah-trem-di-kota-surabaya/

Historical
1886 : opened the steam tram
route
1910 : got the license to open
the electric tram route
In collaboration with :
Department van
Gouvernement Bedrijven in
order to get land
acquisition
Algemeene Nederlands
Indisch Electrisch
Maatschappij (ANIEM) to
operate the electric energy

Collonization

after World War II

Before World War II

3. Third class

Open carriage Pikolan

Use only for lower-middle
local and street vendors

2. Second class

Use only for lowermiddle local and

street vendors

http://heritage.kereta-api.co.id/?p=2889

For ethnic Chinese, Arab,

and "half" of Europe (Indo)
Chance for educated local
people or noble
Bringing goods are
prohibited
Cost 3 cents

1. First class

European must ride

Chance for local that has
direct descendant of the
king, the regent and his
main family
Must bring identity
Cost 5 cents

For Europeans, Regent, Indo-European, aristocrat,

educated local

Collonization

Route
Steam tram :

Ujung-Benteng : 10 December 1898

Benteng-Benteng SS : 17 December 1890
Benteng SS-Pasar Turi-Wonokromo : 2 March 1916
Wonokromo-Sepanjang : 27 September 1890

Electric tram :

Wonokromo-Jembatan Merah : 15 Mei 1923

Kayun-Panglima Sudirman : 16 Mei 1923
Sawahan-Tunjungan : 16 Mei 1923
Jembatan Merah-Tanjung Perak : 12 July 1923
Kayun-Gubeng Boulevard and its branches lane : 11
February 1924

http://thinknortop.blogspot.co.id/2012/09/sejarah-trem-indonesia.html

Collonization

Ups and Downs

1927

Ups:

Trams move the economy of the city

The workers who generally live outside the city, is
heavily depend on the tram to reach the workplace

Downs:

After days of malaise (world economic crisis in 1930), the

tram have tough competition with other modes of transport
The decline in passenger subscription reached its peak in
1935, when there was a crisis in the Dutch East Indies

5.2
Million
Million

Electric tram

11.4

Steam tram

http://bapersip.jatimprov.go.id/bapersip/publikasi_naskah_arsip_detail.jsp?id=728 & http://historia.id/kota/sepenggal-perjalanan-sejarah-trem-di-surabaya

DKA
(Djawatan Kereta Api)

Indonesia on September 28, 1945

Operation Mode
Ticket class 1 : 15 cents
Ticket cass 2 : 10 cents
Optional open carriage for
carry goods

"Ironically, it actually makes the condition of

the tram at a loss because many passengers
who do not pay,
- Ella Ubaidi, Executive Vice President Central Unit
Preservation, Restoration and Architectural Design PT KAI

http://historia.id/kota/sepenggal-perjalanan-sejarah-trem-di-surabaya

The
Independence
of Indonesia

Historical
1949 : tram management
taken over from OJS
1968 : electric tram withdrawn
1972 : steam tram withdrawn

The
Independence
of Indonesia

Route
Steam tram :

North : Wonokromo Jl. Diponegoro Jl Arjuno Pasar Turi

Kebun Rojo Cantikan Ampel Benteng Ujung .
South : Wonokromo Gunungsari Karangpilang
Mojokerto

Electric tram :

Lyn
Lyn
Lyn
Lyn

1
2
3
4

:
:
:
:

Wonokromo Jembatan Merah

Gubeng Jembatan Merah
Gubeng Sawahan
Jembatan Merah Tanjung Perak

http://ayorek.org/2013/07/jejak-dan-sosok-di-balik-trem-surabaya/#sthash.hFRel9ly.dpbs

The growing number of population and private vehicles

The tram accident in Surabaya increase
High cost of operating electric tram
Poor management of DKA

The Death of Tram

http://historia.id/kota/sepenggal-perjalanan-sejarah-trem-di-surabaya

The longing for tram

Many people still yearn for the glories memory of tram

More than 80 percent are still useable
The tram line in Surabaya was never formally dismantled.
It was buried under the asphalt, soil, or other materials

http://ayorek.org/2013/07/jejak-dan-sosok-di-balik-trem-surabaya/#sthash.hFRel9ly.dpbs