James Webb Space Telesco

pe
Yuzheng Lin
Pre-IB G1

Contents
An Overview
Innovative Technologies
About James E. Webb
Structure
Missions
Comparison with Hubble
Appendix
Reference
[1]

Overview
James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
is also known as the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST).
It will be the observatory for the next decades.
It will be launched at the second Lagrangian point in October of
2018.
Its named after a NASA administrator, James E. Webb.

Innovative Technologies
A primary mirror that consists of 18 separate hexagonal mirrors that are
made of ultra-lightweight Beryllium.
A sunshield attenuates heat more than million times.
Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) and Mid infrared instrument (MIR
I).
NIRSpec has a micro shutter array, each shutter can be controlled individually. T
his allows NIRSpec to observe 100 objects simultaneously.
MIRI has both a camera and a spectrograph that observes at mid-infrared (5-28
m).
The operating temperature is 7k.

About James E. Webb

The second administrator of NASA F

ebruary 14, 1961 October 7, 1968
Born on October 7, 1906; died on M
arch 27, 1992
He is the leader of the Apollo progr
am

[2]

Structure

[3]

Missions
Why should we build space telescopes?
The layer of N2, O2, and
CO2 absorbs a large range
of light and blocks the
information from the
universe.
Light pollution.

[7]

Missions
The goal of JWST is to search the first star and galaxy formed after the
big bang and the formation of stars and galaxies.

It will help astronomers to understand the assembly of galaxies

JWST will also tell us about the atmosphere of extrasolar planets.

Missions
The cosmic microwave
background
The farthest object has the
largest speed
Thus, the largest red shift.
The oldest stars and galaxies
appears in infrared light
JWST will see the image of
the first stars and galaxies,
200 million years after the
big bang.

[8]

Missions
JWST has spectrometers
Measure the absorption line of exoplanet as they pass in front
of their stars.

[9]

Comparison with Hubble

Wavelength
Hubble: 0.8-2.5 m primary: 0.1-0.8 m
Webb: 0.6-28 m

Size

[4]

Orbit

[5]

Appendix
What is the second Lagrangi
an point?
They are the locations at whic
h gravitational force of two bo
dies and the centrifugal force
of a smaller body balance out.
It was discovered by Joseph L
ouis Lagrange. There are 5 of t
hem in total. L1, L2, and L3 ar
e unstable.
[6]

Appendix
What is cosmic microwave background?
After the Big Bang, the universe was a hot place and it should b
e filled with radiation. The remnant of heat is scattered in the u
niverse. That is called CMB.
By observing the fluctuation of radiation, cosmologists are able
to learn about the origin of galaxies.

Reference
1. NASA. (n.d.). JWST update. Retrieved from http://jwst.nasa.gov/images4/jwst_update.jpg
2. NASA. (n.d.). James E. Webb. Retrieved from
aphies/webb2.gif

http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/Biogr

3. NASA. (n.d). Labeled Spacecraft. Retrieved from http://jwst.nasa.gov/images2/labeledspacecra

ft.jpg
4. NASA. (n.d.) JWST HST Primary mirrors. Retrieved from
T-primary-mirrors.jpg

http://jwst.nasa.gov/images/JWST-HS

5. NASA. (n.d.) L2. Retrieved from http://jwst.nasa.gov/images/l2.2.jpg

6. NASA. (July 2012). Lagrange Points of the Earth-Sun system. Retrieved
asa.gov/mission/observatory_l2.html

from http://map.gsfc.n

7. NASA, ESA, & STScl. (1990, October 4). Pluto - the "Double Planet. Retrieved from
://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/1990/14/image/a/
8. NASA. (n.d.). Spectrum of The Cosmic Microwave Background. Retrieved from
map.gsfc.nasa.gov/media/ContentMedia/990015b.jpg

http

http://

9. Villanueva, G. (n.d.). Absorption Spectra NIRSpec. Retrieved from http://jwst.nasa.gov/images4

/absorptionspectranirspec.png

Reference
NASA. (July 2012). Lagrange Points of the Earth-Sun system. Retrieved from http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/mission/observatory_l2.
html
NASA. (n.d.). About The James Webb Telescope. Retrieved from http://jwst.nasa.gov/about.html
Howell, E. (2015, Augusts 19). Lagrange Points: Parking Places in Space. Retrieved from http://www.space.com/30302-lagrangepoints.html
Mullen, L. (2011, October 24). The James Webb Telescope Will See Earth-Like Worlds . Retrieved from http://
www.astrobio.net/interview/the-james-webb-telescope-will-see-earth-like-worlds
NASA History Office. (n.d.) James E. Webb. Retrived from http://history.nasa.gov/Biographies/webb.html
NASA. (n.d.). Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI). Retrived from http://jwst.nasa.gov/miri.html
NASA. (n.d.). Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec). Retrieved from http://jwst.nasa.gov/nirspec.html
NASA. (n.d.). Webb Telescope Science Themes. Retrieved from http://jwst.nasa.gov/science.html
NASA. (n.d.). How does the Webb Contrast with Hubble? Retrieved from http://jwst.nasa.gov/comparison_about.html
Phillips, L. (2016, March 25). Meet the largest science project in US government historythe James Webb Telescope. Retrieved f
rom http://arstechnica.com/science/2016/03/meet-the-largest-science-project-in-us--government-history-the-james-webbtelescope/
WMAP Science Team. (2016, May 9). Test of Big Bang: the CMB. Retrieved from http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/universe/bb_tests_c
mb.html